1 The statement by Henry Kravis that private equity was in its “golden era” might sound like hubris to the unacquainted observer but may actually not be far off from the reality given the growth of private equity funds under management since the advent of large-scale leveraged buy-outs (LBOs) in the 1980s. Henry Kravis as a principal partner in Kohlberg‚ Kravis & Roberts (KKR) pioneered LBOs in the late 1970s and KKR has been a major private equity firm since having reportedly invested in over 160
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Consumer perceptions of store brands versus national brands Abstract Purpose – The objective of this study is threefold. First‚ the authors want to use taste tests to assess how four store brands that are differently positioned compare to one national brand in terms of perceived brand equity. Second‚ the authors want to investigate whether brand equity of store versus national brands is determined by current brand loyalty towards these brands. Third‚ they want to find out whether store patronage
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Find the paradox • Brand value pyramid Another tool: Find the paradox • Overcome negatively correlated attributes and benefits (paradox) Examples of neg. correlated attributes and benefits • Price and quality • Taste and low calories • Power and safety • Comprehensiveness (variety) and simplicity • Strength and refinement Strategies to Overcome Attribute and Benefit Trade-offs • Establish separate marketing programs • Leverage secondary association (e.g.‚ co-brand‚ use celebrities)
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How Does Equity Fulfill the Common Law Common Law Equity fulfils the common law‚ although it does not endeavour to displace it with a moral code. In order to be influential‚ the law is to be professed as both certain and predictable‚ and also flexible and fair. Specifically‚ it needs clear rules on the one hand‚ but flexibility on the other to produce exceptions to cases that lead to apparently incongruous or unjust conclusions if the rules are
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Brand and Marketing Communication Management Submitted by: Yan Zhang Tutor : Temi Abimbola Four Wristwatch Brands The four wristwatch brands I have chosen to critically examine are: Rolex Gucci Seiko Swatch Introduction In 1905‚ Hans Wilsdorf established a London firm specialising in the distribution of watches. In 1908‚ Wilsdorf coined a brand name with which to
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Private equity Private equity is a source of investment capital from high net worth individuals and institutions for the purpose of investing and acquiring equity ownership in companies. Partners at private equity firms raise funds and manage these monies for the purpose of yielding favorable returns for their shareholder clients‚ typically with an investment horizon between four and seven years. These funds can be used in the purchase of shares of private companies‚ or in public companies
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BRAND AWARENESS OF CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY BRAND AWARENESS Brand awareness is the probability that consumers are familiar about the life and availability of the product. It is the degree to which consumers precisely associate the brand with the specific product. It is measured as ratio of niche market that has former knowledge of brand. Brand awareness includes both brand recognition as well as brand recall. Brand recognition
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Brand Extensions are an important brand growth strategy The popularity of ‘Brand extensions’ rose since 1990s‚ with the increase in competition and the high costs of developing new brands (Chernatony & McDonald‚ 2002). This concept has been derived by marketers to optimize sales and profits by launching new or modified products under the parent brand name. In definition ‘Brand extension’ is using the leverage of a well-known brand name in one category to launch a new product in a different category
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Designing a Brand Hierarchy We all know the recession has drastically impacted consumer behaviors‚ but we may often overlook its direct impact on brands themselves. The recession has changed the way marketers manage their brand portfolios as they try to do more with less. As such‚ marketers are taking a closer look at how then can stretch existing brand equity across a greater number of products‚ often taking a parent brand/sub-brand approach. We generally see four different sub-brand approaches
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Introduction Brand extensions are one of the most popular strategies for many firms to leverage brand equity (Monga & John‚ 2010; Tom‚ Kelly & Ravi‚ 2012). Zara as one of the world’s most successful fast fashion brand (FFB) retailers has applied brand extension into its brand development. The purpose of this report is to examine the brand extensions strategy of Zara which include these areas: the marketing objectives of brand extension‚ the relationship between competitive advantage of Zara
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