cryptography is the ability to send information between participants in a way that prevents others from reading it. In this book we will concentrate on the kind of cryptography that is based on representing information as numbers and mathematically manipulating those numbers. This kind of cryptography can provide other services‚ such as • integrity checking—reassuring the recipient of a message that the message has not been altered since it was generated by a legitimate source • authentication—verifying
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Complex Number System Arithmetic A complex number is an expression in the form: a + bi where a and b are real numbers. The symbol i is defined as √ 1. a is the real part of the complex number‚ and b is the complex part of the complex number. If a complex number has real part as a = 0‚ then it is called a pure imaginary number. All real numbers can be expressed as complex numbers with complex part b = 0. -5 + 2i 3i 10 real part –5; imaginary part 2 real part 0; imaginary part 3 real part 10; imaginary
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would be without irrational numbers? If the great Pythagorean hyppasus or any other mathematician would have not ever thought of such numbers? Before ‚understanding the development of irrational numbers ‚we should understand what these numbers originally are and who discovered them? In mathematics‚ an irrational number is any real number that cannot be expressed as a ratio a/b‚ where a and b are integers and b is non-zero. Irrational numbers are those real numbers that cannot be represented as
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LS Separation of Mixtures and Solids Purpose: To become familiar with the separation of mixtures of solids Hypothesis: I will be able to separate the materials using a variety of different methods. First‚ separate the iron fillings using a magnet. Second‚ I will put the rest of the solution into water and separate the insoluble sand from the soluble salt and benzoic acid. Third‚ I will filter out the benzoic acid when crystalized. Lastly‚ I will evaporate the water away leaving crystallized
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MATH 4 A. DIVISION of WHOLE NUMBERS B. DECIMALS a. PLACE VALUE of DECIMALS PLACE VALUE | Trillions | Billions | Millions | Thousands | Ones / Unit | Decimalpoint | .1 | .01 | .001 | HUNDRED | TEN | TRILLIONS | HUNDRED | TEN | BILLIONS | HUNDRED | TEN | MILLIONS | HUNDRED | TEN | THOUSANDS | HUNDREDS | TENS | ONES | | TENTHS | HUNDREDTHS | THOUSANDTHS | 5 | 8 | 9‚ | 6 | 1 | 2‚ | 7 | 4 | 5‚ | 6 | 1 | 8‚ | 3 | 2 | 5 | . | 1 | 6 | 2 | b. READING and WRITING DECIMALS
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Fibonacci number From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia A tiling with squares whose side lengths are successive Fibonacci numbers An approximation of the golden spiral created by drawing circular arcs connecting the opposite corners of squares in the Fibonacci tiling; this one uses squares of sizes 1‚ 1‚ 2‚ 3‚ 5‚ 8‚ 13‚ 21‚ and 34. In mathematics‚ the Fibonacci numbers or Fibonacci series or Fibonacci sequence are the numbers in the following integer sequence:[1][2] 0‚\;1‚\;1‚\;2‚\;3
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Assignment Simple Superstitions: Number “thirteen” One of the pseudoscientific claim for the Number “thirteenth” is that people think it is just a superstition when some people believe in it and some people don’t. Everyone has their own opinion and belief in particular things. The Number “thirteenth” is most likely known for its unlucky date‚ unlucky number‚ and its unlucky self. The Number “thirteenth” has so much history to it‚ to why it’s unlucky. People believe the number thirteenth is unlucky‚ and
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Question 1 (5 points) 1. Which of the following may lead to vertical integration? a) Technological interdependencies b) Reduced search and bargaining cost c) The hold-up problem d) All of the above Question 2 (5 points) Effective collusion generally is more difficult when a) the number of oligopolistic firms involved decreases b) the number of oligopolistic firms involved increases c) when customer orders are small‚ frequent‚ and received on a regular basis as compared
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UNIVERSAL VIRTUAL CONTENT ACADEMY (UVC) CPA PAPER 5 Index numbers By the end of topic‚ participants should be able to; 1. Appreciate the usefulness of index numbers in monitoring changes over time 1. Calculate simple indices 2. Determine simple aggregate price indices 3. Use laspeyre’s and Paashe’s price indices to determine weighted indices. What is an index number? An index number is a statistical measure designed to show/ monitor changes over a period of time in the price‚ quantity
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EVALUATION A key strength of the Kaplan & Mikes framework is the clarity it provides to leadership teams around their exposure to less obvious risks as a result of the decisions they make‚ the processes the implement and the impact of external factors on their business‚ while also creating awareness of the cognitive biases that may creep in to their thinking and how these can lead them astray. Evidence shows the need for such a framework – on the Irish banking crisis‚ Nyberg (2011 -2.9.5) tells
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