ESTIMATING THE RISK PREMIUM USING HISTORICAL DATA: A CASE OF THE NSE Introduction This study seeks to estimate the risk premium of a company using historical data. Analysts use historical data to estimate the risk premium of a company’s equity. This is because the historical data is readily available from the company’s financial statements and the securities exchanges for example the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE) in Kenya. Historical market data can be used to compute average returns and a measure
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Under the conditions of perfect competition‚ a market will be allocatively effi cient as long as the fi rms in that market produce at the P=MC level of output. Price is a signal from buyers to sellers‚ and the price seen by fi rms signals the marginal benefi t of consumers in the market. If the price consumers pay for a product is greater than the marginal cost to fi rms of producing it‚ then the message being sent to producers is that more output is demanded. In the pursuit of profi ts
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“One small step for a man‚ one giant leap for mankind” These were the first words said on the moon by Apollo 11 astronaut Neil Armstrong. The Apollo program was a series of rocket launches by nasa to get us to our moon‚ starting with Apollo 1‚ and leading through to 13‚ in this essay‚ you will learn about 3 of the missions. To start‚ apollo 1 was the fateful beginning of the program. Three astronauts‚ Virgil Grissom‚ Edward white and Roger Chaffee were onboard doing a final preflight test. Under
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Bridge Structures and The Use of Geometry in Their Design What is a bridge? A bridge is a structure providing continuous passage over a body of water‚ roadway‚ or valley. Every bridge looks different from the another. Their bridge structure is different. There are nine types of main bridges. Bridge engineers use a lot of geometry to help them design the different bridges. Without geometry‚ the bridges would not be safe. Bridges have been around for a long time. The earliest bridges
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Bridge Failure Studies and Safety Engineering 2.1 HISTORY OF DISASTERS AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT 2.1.1 Unexpected Material Deterioration and Failure Engineering is usually about avoiding failures and investigating why failures occur and ways to fix the problem. There is a need to understand the conditions giving rise to past failures and ways to avoid such failures so that loss of life can be minimized. Historical events and selected case stud-ies demonstrate the causes of
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a man on the moon--hence‚ the Apollo Program. These Apollo Missions are significant in that America received technical credibility and hasted the end of the Cold War in our favor. Also‚ Carole Stott‚ a long-time astronomer
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Apollo 11 Mission The Apollo 11 mission was the first man mission to land on the Moon. The Apollo 11 team left Kennedy Space Center on July 16‚ 1969 at 13:32UTC. The mission’s team included Commander Neil Alden Armstrong‚ Commander Module Pilot Michael Collins and Lunar Module Pilot Edwin Eugene “Buzz” Aldrin Jr. After being in orbit for 72 hours‚ Armstrong and Aldrin climbed into the Lunar Module‚ named the Eagle‚ and prepared for their descent to the Lunar surface.
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When people in the United States today hear the term "London Bridge‚" they are most likely to think of one of the most peculiar sights anywhere within the United States that of the London Bridge in Lake Havasu City‚ Arizona. Surrounded by faked-up Tudor buildings and busloads of tourists‚ the large bridge is dwarfed by the majesty of the desert Southwest. The entire enterprise stands as a monument to a deep human appreciation for irony‚ for what else could explain the immense cost and energy that
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Suspension Of all the bridge types in use today‚ the suspension bridge allows for the longest spans. At first glance the suspension and cable-stayed bridges may look similar‚ but they are quite different. Though suspension bridges are leading long span technology today‚ they are in fact a very old form of bridge. Some primitive examples of suspension bridges use vines and ropes for cables. Typical Span Lengths 70m - 1‚000m+ World’s Longest Akashi Kaikyo Bridge‚ Japan Total Length 3‚911m
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1970 Apollo 13 took flight to the moon. Fred Haise‚ Jack Swigert‚ and Jim Lovell were the three men who had the privilege to be the three astronauts that would man this flight to the moon. Days before the mission‚ the original main pilot‚ Ken Mattingly was exposed to the measles and was believed to have fallen ill‚ so back up pilot Jim Lovell was called in to replace him. Now that the crew had been assembled it was time for launch. Before the three men had taken on the challenge of Apollo 13 they
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