accounting standards accounting standards Introduction to Accounting Standards Accounting is the art of recording transactions in the best manner possible. Accounting Standards are the policy documents issued by recognized expert accountancy bodies relating to various aspects of measurement‚ treatment and disclosure of accounting transactions and events. Every country has its own standards. Accounting Standards in India are issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI)
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The accounting process: 1. Identify the transaction 2. Record the transaction as a journal entry 3. Post the entry in the individual accounts in ledgers. 4. Create preliminary trial balance 5. Adjusting entries 6. Create adjusted trial balance of the accounts 7. Combine sums in various accounts 8. Close books for current month Permanent accounts are also known as real accounts. These are accounts that do not close at the end of the accounting year. The permanent
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Quantitative versus Discretionary Trading The American economy affects us as well as the rest of the world‚ and the stock market influences the economy in a big way. Most Americans are quite familiar with terms like stocks and the stock market‚ especially after the economic crisis of 08‚ but many do not know exactly what they mean and how extreme their effects can be on the general economy. Stock is nothing more than pieces or shares of a company which are traded in a specific market. When I purchase
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world trade today vary from when it started. distance trading today is a big part of everyday life for us. Most of our products‚ as you can see‚ come from China‚ Japan‚ Italy and other places across the ocean. Where would we be today if long distance trading wasn’t a Asia and Europe part of everyday life? play a huge part in our lives‚ and in what we eat‚ function with‚ and for children‚ play with. When long distance trading first started‚ it wasn’t as important as it is now. Traders
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ACCOUNTING SUBSTANCE OVER FORM Substance over form is an accounting concept where the entity is accounting for items according to their substance and economic reality and not merely their legal form. It is one of the key determinants of reliable information. For most transactions there will be no difference and in some cases however‚ the two diverge and the choice of how to present the transactions can give very different results. This differences occurs when an asset or liability is not recognized
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+0)26-4 Accounting Theory NEED FOR ACCOUNTING Business is one of the sources of earning income. Whenever a business is started‚ it requires investment of certain amount which is called as capital. With this amount of capital the businessman may deal either with trading business or manufacturing business. In a trading business‚ he will buy goods at a lesser price and sells the same to others at a higher price. In case of manufacturing business‚ he has to buy raw materials and incur other
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THE ACCOUNTING EQUATION The accounting equation can be described as of the basis of accounting. This is because it describes the double entry principle of book-keeping. It is a representation of how funds are raised to finance Assets. The equation is illustrated below: Asset = Capital + Liabilities For example‚ a girl needs to buy a laptop costing £500. She already had £250 in personal savings and then took a loan of £250 from her boyfriend. Here is the equation again: Asset Capital
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1 ACCOUNTING 1 (ACN101- M) STUDY UNIT 1: THE NATURE AND FUNCTION OF ACCOUNTING DEFINITION: • • • Accounting can be defined as the orderly & systematic recording of the monetary values of financial transactions of a business The reporting of results Providing financial information as a basis for decision making 3 main processes define the accounting process: 1. IDENTIFYING: Selecting evidence of economic / financial activity (transactions) 2. RECORDING transactions to provide a permanent
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a window with a download button for the version of Copy compatible with your operating system. Once installed‚ Copy will create a folder on your computer called “Copy.” And so long as the Copy application is running and you are logged in to your account‚ any le you place in the “Copy” folder will automatically upload to the cloud and be accessible via Copy.com and any other computer that you have running Copy (a home or work computer‚ for example). Files are accessible on all your devices Home
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with the acquisitions of Uncle Toby’s‚ Jenny Craig and Novartis Medical Nutrition giving them a strong competitive position in the market place through research and development. Below are the Financial Profitability Statement Ratios for 2006‚ 2005. Profit margin ratio = Net income measures net income in each sales dollar. Net sales Dec. 06 CHF Sales $98.5 billion – Expenses $1.5 billion = Net income $97.0 = 9.8% Net sales $98.5 Dec. 05 CHF Sales
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