INTRODUCTION For three decades‚ satellite communications have been used for public switched telephone network (PSTN) and video broadcasting applications. However‚ with daily technology advancements made in society and the requirement for global data connectivity‚ satellites are increasingly being used to provide data communication links at all data rates ranging from 64 Kbps to 155 Mbps (Buchsbaum). Wireless technology allows data to be sent out into space to a satellite and back to earth to provide
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SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS - AN OVERVIEW INTRODUCTION The outer space has always fascinated people on the earth and communication through space evolved as an offshoot of ideas for space travel. The earliest idea of using artificial satellites for communications is found in a science fiction Brick Moon by Edward Evert Hale‚ published in 1869-70. While the early fictional accounts of satellite and space communications bear little resemblance to the technology as it exists
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Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return by Harold Bierman‚ Jr Executive Summary • • • Net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) are two very practical discounted cash flow (DCF) calculations used for making capital budgeting decisions. NPV and IRR lead to the same decisions with investments that are independent. With mutually exclusive investments‚ the NPV method is easier to use and more reliable. Introduction To this point neither of the two discounted cash flow procedures
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Radio Broadcasting is familiar to everyone. We are all familiar with the simple task of turning on the radio‚ tuning to our favorite station and listening to news‚ traffic reports‚ weather forecasts‚ music and other programs. Radio broadcasting is defined as using radio waves to send transmissions to a large audience‚ who will listen to the transmission through a radio. The definition of radio broadcasting can be expanded by examining radio waves‚ radio transmitters and receivers.
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Tata Sky is a direct broadcast satellite television provider in India‚ usingMPEG-4 digital compression technology‚ transmitting using INSAT-4A andGSAT-10 satellite. Incorporated in 2004‚ Tata Sky is a Joint venture between the Tata Group and 21st Century Fox Its primary competitors in satellite television and other DTH service providers are – Airtel Digital TV‚ Dish TV‚ Sun Direct‚ Reliance Digital TV‚ DD Direct+and Videocon D2H. It currently offers 400+ SD channels and 68 HD channels and services
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FM Radio Broadcasting Industry - India December 2009 Executive Summary Market Radio stations generated a revenue of INR 8 bn in 2008 ; expected to reach INR 18 bn by 2012 Share of radio advertising was 3.3 % in 2008; expected to reach 4% in 2012 Most stations use same level of genre of content with little or no differentiation There are over 240 radio stations beaming across over 90 cities in India Drivers: Drivers & Challenges Trends Competition – – – – – – Challenges:
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for girls. The following summer‚ a New York Times documentary was filmed about her life as the Pakistani military intervened in the region‚ culminating in the Second Battle of Swat. Yousafzai rose in prominence‚ giving interviews in print and on television‚ and she was nominated for the International Children’s Peace Prize by South African activist Desmond Tutu. On 9 October 2012‚ Yousafzai was shot in the head and neck in an assassination attempt by Taliban gunmen while returning home on a school
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ASSIGNMENT TOPIC: “THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF USINFG NPV (NET PRESENT VALUE) AND IRR (INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN)” NPV (NET PRESENT VALUE) The difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows. NPV is used in capital budgeting to analyze the profitability of an investment or project. NPV analysis is sensitive to the reliability of future cash inflows that an investment or project will yield. NPV compares the value of a dollar today to the value of that
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Radio broadcasting | This article includes a list of references‚ but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (November 2008) | | The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide viewof the subject. Please improve this article and discuss the issue on the talk page. (December 2010) | Long wave radio broadcasting station
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When cash inflows are even: NPV = R × 1 − (1 + i)-n − Initial Investment i In the above formula‚ R is the net cash inflow expected to be received each period; i is the required rate of return per period; n are the number of periods during which the project is expected to operate and generate cash inflows. When cash inflows are uneven: NPV = R1 + R2 + R3 + ... − Initial Investment (1 + i)1 (1 + i)2 (1 + i)3 Where‚ i is the target rate of return per period;
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