News music and songs from the phonograms were among the first programmed broadcast. The first radio station was established not in Singapore but in Kuala Lumpur. It was the up-country gathering point for rubber estate workers and tin mines and also the capital of the Federated Malay States. It was an unofficial and an amateur radio club‚ which organized plans to create a local service. Although experimental broadcasts of the Singapore amateur group had begun earlier‚ the Kuala Lumpur operation
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values‚ the output power is determined by simply multiplying the input power times the power gain. Modulation is simply the process of changing one or more properties of the analog carrier in proportion with the information signal. Digital transmission is a true digital system where digital pulses are transferred between two or more points in a communications system. Digital radio is the transmittal of digitally modulated analog carriers between two or more points in a communications system
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101seminartopics.com FSO ! FREE SPACE OPTICS Free space optics or FSO‚ free space photonics or optical wireless‚ refers to the transmission of modulated visible or infrared beams through the atmosphere to obtain optical communication. FSO systems can function over distances of several kilometers. FSO is a line-of-sight technology‚ which enables optical transmission up to 2.5 Gbps of data‚ voice and video communications‚ allowing optical connectivity without deploying fiber optic cable or securing
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FROM GSM TO LTE FROM GSM TO LTE AN INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE NETWORKS AND MOBILE BROADBAND Martin Sauter WirelessMoves‚ Germany A John Wiley and Sons‚ Ltd.‚ Publication This edition first published 2011 2011 John Wiley & Sons‚ Ltd Registered office John Wiley & Sons Ltd‚ The Atrium‚ Southern Gate‚ Chichester‚ West Sussex‚ PO19 8SQ‚ United Kingdom For details of our global editorial offices‚ for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright
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Wireless LAN Design Guide for High Density Client Environments in Higher Education Design Point #1: Establish and Validate a Per-Connection Bandwidth Requirement Design Point #2: Calculate the Aggregate Throughput Required for the Coverage Area 6 7 Design Point #3: Choose a High Minimum Data Rate to Support Increased E ciency‚ 14 Design point #4: 5 GHz Support will be Critical for High Density‚ so Determine the Channel Plan that you will Support and How it will be Administered Design
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Radio By Renee Cassis‚ VP‚ RAB Corporate Marketing Radio For the 21st Century HD Radio™ is a new technology that enables AM and FM Radio stations to broadcast their programs digitally‚ a tremendous technological leap from today’s familiar analog broadcasts. These digital broadcasts provide listeners with radically improved audio quality and reception and new data services. Signal fading‚ static‚ hisses‚ and pops are a thing of the past. Data services such as displayed song and artist information‚
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through the transmission network which is governed by the differential and algebraic equations of the apparatus and interconnects. This aspect is referred to as the system behaviour. This system has to be protected from abnormalities which is the task of protection system. 1.2 Why do we need Protection? Electrical power system operates at various voltage levels from 415 V to 400 kV or even more. Electrical apparatus used may be enclosed (e.g. motors) or placed in open (e.g. transmission lines).
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portable devices‚ including two-way radios‚ cellular telephones‚ personal digitalassistants (PDAs)‚and wirelessnetworking..Also.it.consists.of.certain.applications.include.GPSdevices ‚computer.mice‚keyboards ‚headsets‚ headphones‚satelliteTV ‚ broadcast television an cordless telephones.The basic block diagram of wireless communication is shown in Fig(1.1).
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GSM 1 Mobile Communications GSM Manuel P. Ricardo Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto GSM 2 Acknowledgements ♦ These slides are based on the slides developed by » Prof. Jochen Schiller – Slides from the book “Mobile Communication: Wireless Telecommunication Systems” – http://www.jochenschiller.de » Prof. Mário Jorge Leitão – http://www.fe.up.pt/~mleitao/ GSM 3 ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ What are the main network elements of GSM? What are the GSM addresses? How is the
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SVKM’s Narsee Monjee Mukesh Patel School Of Technology Management and Engineering‚ NMIMS A Report On RF Network Planning For GSM and CDMA By Kashish Parikh UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Prof Ravindra Bhatt(Lecturer)‚ Parminder Singh Sodhi(Dept Gen Manager) and Vivek Porwal(Junior Manager) Reliance Communications (8th May 2010) SVKM’s Narsee Monjee Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering‚ NMIMS Certificate This is to certify that Kashish Parikh
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