The Michael addition is a reaction named after Arthur Michael. Discovered in 1887‚ this is a carbon-carbon bond making reaction. The result of the Michael addition is a 1‚4 addition of a nucleophile to an alpha‚ beta-unsaturated carbonyl carbon compound. A 1‚4 addition is also commonly referred to as a conjugated addition. Another result of this reaction is a 1‚2 addition of a nucleophile. Some of the common attacking nucleophiles used in this reaction are enolates. Enolates‚ a negatively charged
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for the eugenol and acetyleguenol products‚ which confirmed their identities; the eugenol sample showed the presence of the alcohol functional group O-H at 3425.19 cm-1 and both alkene C=C at 1604.43 cm-1 and aromatic C=C at 1509.35 cm-1. The acetyleugenol sample showed the presence of ester C=O at 1760.27 cm-1‚ both alkene C=C at 1506.83 cm-1 and aromatic C=C at 1417.46 cm-1. Introduction: Figure 11: eugenol acetyleugenol The primary constituents of the essential
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Identification of Unknown Organic Compounds by Melting Point‚ Boiling Point‚ and Infrared Spectroscopy Methods and Background The goal of this laboratory experiment was to determine the structure and identity of an unknown solid and an unknown liquid by using elemental analysis‚ index of hydrogen deficiency‚ infrared spectroscopy‚ melting point (for solid)‚ and boiling point (for liquid). In this laboratory‚ we were given unknown solid “C” and unknown liquid “D”. The empirical formula
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Organic chemistry studies carbon compounds‚ but a few carbon compounds such as carbon monoxide‚ carbon dioxide‚ metal carbonates‚ and carbon disulphide traditionally come under the umbrella of inorganic chemistry. INTRODUCTORY 1. Give the following for the compound propane C3H8: (a) Full structural formula (b) Skeletal formula 2. Draw all the possible isomers of hexane C6H14 and give the name of each. 3. Draw the structural formulae for each of the following alkanes: (a) 2‚2- dimethylbutane
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Semester: fall 2011 Practice to Chapter 12 (Alkenes & Alkynes *1. Consider the following: CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH=CH2 I II CH3CH=CHCH2CH2CH3 CH2=CHCH2CH2CH2CH3 III IV Which two structures represent the same compound? A) I and II B) II and III C) I and III D) II and IV E) None of these *2. Give the IUPAC name for A) 3-Methyl-4-hexyne B) 4-Methyl-2-hexyne C) 2-Ethyl-3-pentyne D) 4-Ethyl-2-pentyne E)
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Notes IGCSE Chemistry Triple Award Revision Guide Topic Introduction to chemistry Atomic Structure Structure and Bonding – Ionic Bonding Structure and Bonding – Covalent and Metallic Bonding Organic Chemistry - Alkanes Organic Chemistry – Alkenes / Addition Polymerisation Organic Chemistry – Alcohols / Condensation Polymerisation Calculations Periodic Table Reactivity Series and Metal Extraction Electrolysis Energetics Acids‚ Bases‚ Salts and Neutralisation Preparing and Analysing Salts Rates
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Surname Centre No. Initial(s) Paper Reference 4 3 3 5 Candidate No. 2 H Signature Paper Reference(s) 4335/2H Examiner’s use only London Examinations IGCSE Team Leader’s use only Chemistry Paper 2H Higher Tier Wednesday 17 June 2009 – Morning Time: 2 hours Materials required for examination Nil Items included with question papers Nil Question Leave Number Blank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Instructions to Candidates In the boxes above‚ write your centre number‚ candidate number‚ your surname
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and conjugation – theory of resonance‚ structure of alkenes‚ allyl‚ vinyl systems. 4) Acidity‚ basicity and pKa 5) Conformational Analysis - Cyclohexane 6) Stereochemistry – regioselective‚ stereoselective‚ stereospecific 5 Examples of Topics covered for Revision Quiz 1 (not limited to the topics below) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) Acids and Bases Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Alcohols and Alkyl halides Elimination Reactions of Alkenes SN1 and SN2 Aromaticity and Electrophilic Aromatic
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ONE-SCHOOL.NET Short Notes: Form 5 Chemistry Rate or Reaction Calculation Rate of Reaction (Average Rate) Rates of reaction = Quantity change of reactants/products Total time for the reaction If the quantity change is immeasurable Rates of reaction = 1 Total time for the reaction Find the Rate From a Graph Average Rate Rates At an Instant The rate of reaction is equal to the slope of the graph The rate of reaction at an instant‚ t‚ is equal to the of quantity against
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Comparison of the rate of reaction and yield of glycerol in saponification with different triglycerides Chemistry EE Candidate number: 0019 Word count: 3974 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS 2 INTRODUCTION 2 RESEARCH QUESTION 5 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 5 METHODOLOGY 10 DATA PRESENTATION AND PROCESSING 13 CONCLUSION 24 EVALUATION 24 BIBLIOGRAPHY 26 Introduction In 1779‚ Carl W. Scheele‚ a Swedish chemist‚ discovered a new transparent‚ syrupy liquid by heating olive oil and litharge . This
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