Mass Spectrometry MS Interpretation General Interpretation Strategies i Wherever you see this symbol‚ it is important to access the on-line course as there is interactive material that cannot be fully shown in this reference manual. Aims and Objectives Aims and Objectives Aims • Introduces students to the principles of mass spectral interpretation. • Present fundamental concepts regarding mass spectral interpretation Objectives At the end of this Section you should be able to: •
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LAB REPORT! EXPERIMENT#5‚6! MANPREET KAUR KHAIRA! LAB PARTNER: VIAN RAIES! The purpose of this lab exercise was to perform the bromination of (E)-1‚2-diphenylethene (trans-stilbene) by addition reaction in which bromine was added across the double bond to yield a vicinal dibromide. The next step was to perform a double elimination reaction by product gained to synthesize an alkyne‚ that is‚ 1‚2-diphenylacetylene. The two major techniques used in this lab were TLC analysis and UV-vis spectroscopy
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molecules hold them together. The larger the molecule (as it moves down the halogen group) the bigger the intermolecular forces are between electrons because with more rings the distance between each electron is larger. The larger elements such as Bromine and Iodine are larger molecules with a larger amount of intermolecular force between each electron. This increase in intermolecular attraction means that the required heat energy to reach the boiling point increases. Fluorine has a significantly lower
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Organic chemistry is the study of essentially all substances containing carbon. Organic compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. The simplest hydrocarbons are the alkanes which contain only single covalent bonds. Methane is the simplest alkane. It is also the major component of natural gas. Methane contains only 1 carbon in the molecular formula and the structural formula. There is ethane which is 2 carbons‚ propane that is 3‚ butane which is 4‚ pentane which is 5
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(reduction of organic compounds). 2Na(s)+Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s) Redox Reaction Experiments (Displacement Reactions) Halogens with Halides (Halogen Ions) Cl > Br > I (all ions added are in solution with other ions so that they are in ionic form don’t confuse bromine solution with sodium bromide). Silver nitrate can be used to test for halides (Cl- = white precipitate‚ Br- = pale cream precipitate‚ I- = pale yellow precipitate) Ammonia solution is added to the precipitates. Further testing involves adding dilute
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reaction that removed the pi bond from a molecule and adds covalent bonds with two new compounds. Halogenation or most commonly known as bromination is a reaction that breaks a pi bond and adds a halogen or in this case‚ a bromine to the molecule. This addition of the bromine can be very steroselective. Stereoselectivity can come from steric and electronic effects. Steric effect arise when two atoms ar brought close together‚ the resulting push of electrone clouds is what creates the significant
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Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH4. It is the simplest alkane‚ and the principal component of natural gas. Methane’s bond angles are 109.5 degrees. Burning methane in the presence of oxygen produces carbon dioxide and water. The relative abundance of methane makes it an attractive fuel. However‚ because it is a gas at normal temperature and pressure‚ methane is difficult to transport from its source. It is generally transported in bulk by pipeline in its natural gas form
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heated. Oil‚ fat‚ and water were subjected into a saponification test using NaOH‚ and acidification using concentrated H2SO4. And lastly‚ oil‚ fat and glycerol were subjected into an unsaturation test by adding dichloromethane‚ and was added with a 5% Bromine-dichloromethane solution‚ the total volume of the 5% Br-DCM solution was then obtained. Keywords: Lipids‚ Saponification 1. Introduction Lipids are a group of the essential biomolecules in which are generally characterized by their
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When 4-methylcyclohexanol was combined with the bromine solution‚ the mixture turned into a light yellow color versus 4-methylcyclohexene with the bromine solution being colorless; the initial color for 4-methylcyclohexanol was combined with the bromine solution was a light orange/brown color. The solution being colorless indicated a positive sign of a double bond being present in 4-methylcyclohexene
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the asymmetric carbon atoms in the molecule shown below (prostacyclin). (b) Based on the number of asymmetric carbons‚ how many stereoisomers of prostacyclin are possible? 5. Hydrogenation of an alkene will yield an alkane. The alkane formed by hydrogenation of (S)-4-methyl-1-hexene (I) is optically active‚ while the one formed by hydrogenation of (S)-3-methyl-1-pentene (II) is not. Explain. I II 6. Draw and label a stereoisomer of this compound that is
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