The social comparison theory was initially proposed by Leon Festinger in 1954. This theory states how we tend to compare ourselves to others as we develop‚ and learn more about ourselves. Festinger stated that‚ “Social comparison theory proposes that people have a drive to evaluate their progress and standing on various aspects of their lives and‚ in the absence of objective standards‚ people compare themselves to others to know where they stand” (Fardouly‚ Diedrichs‚ Vartanian‚ Halliwell‚ 2015)
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The Social Identity Theory addresses phenomena such as prejudice‚ discrimination‚ intergroup conflict and stereotyping in terms of personality or interpersonal interactions. Tajfel and Turner (1979) suggested that the differentiation of two groups was enough for the emergence of prejudice. Stereotyping is seen as unfair generalisations about members of a group. It is viewed as problematic and resistent to change. Stereotypes are cognitive representations of how members of a group are similar to one
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Alfred Adler’s Personality Theory: A Reflection on What Really Ate at Gilbert Grape Johnathan Quach University of California‚ Irvine Alfred Adler’s Personality Theory: A Reflection on What Really Ate at Gilbert Grape Abstract This essay aims to provide a psychological personality analysis of Gilbert Grape‚ the main character of the film What’s Eating Gilbert Grape‚ through Alfred Adler’s fulfillment theory. In his approach to personality psychology‚ Adler places great emphasis
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Theories of Cognitive Development: An insight to the theories of Piaget‚ Information-processing and Vygotsky How do we learn? How do we grow? Over the years‚ psychologists have studied to great lengths the processes that humans go through as they progress from infancy to adulthood. Several theories have emerged over time with three prominent ones. Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky produced two important and distinct theories. Another important theory‚ the information-processing theory‚ presents
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Edcelyn M. 11280190 MADEPOL ‘Development’ is a concept which is contested both theoretically and politically‚ and is inherently both complex and ambiguous. (Sumner and Tribe‚ 2008) The Development of Development The issue on how to achieve development had gained a huge arena of talk on the development field but it is not alone in the limelight‚ even the concept of ‘development’ had gained many significant issues and changes‚ as well. Defining ‘development’ from the beginning is a debate
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The Developing Toddler The purpose of this essay was to observe the everyday experiences a child has and how it is an illustration of theories and concepts of child development. To also have a better understanding of how these theories and concepts take important role in the child’s life through-out the play years. The observation took place at Ramona Elementary School in their preschool for disables students on November tenth‚ two thousand-eleven. The children observed were Hunter at four years
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paper we will be exploring and discussing human development. We will explain the life span perspective of development as well as summarize two theories of lifespan development. Lastly we will explain how heredity and the environment interact to produce individual differences in development. Life Span Perspective of Development Set forth by Margret Baltes‚ Paul Baltes and their associates‚ the life span perspective is the viewing of human development as multi directional‚ multi cultural‚ multi contextual
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The Theory Cognitive Development is a mental process of development. The Theory of Cognitive Development in childhood shows the thought‚ intelligence‚ and language process as it changes as a child grows and develops. The Theory of Cognitive Development shows how thought can influence a person’ s behavior. This theory will be important in my future profession of nursing because nurses are the ones who assure growth and development of a child. When a child goes for a
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The ecological models of health behavior is based on the premise that behavior has multiple levels of influence. These levels are: - Intrapersonal factors: characteristics of factors at the individual level. It includes knowledge‚ attitudes‚ behavior‚ self-efficacy‚ developmental history‚ gender‚ age‚ religious identity‚ racial/ethnic identity‚ sexual orientation‚ economic status‚ financial resources‚ values‚ or goals. - Interpersonal factors‚ including family‚ friends‚ peers‚ co-workers‚ religious
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The ecological perspective is based on Urie Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Framwork for Human Development‚ which is the most recognized and utilized social ecological model. With the Ecological systems theory‚ a child’s development is considered within the context of the systems of relationship that form their environment. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological framework for human development was first introduced in the 1970’s as a conceptual model and became a theoretical model in the 1980’s. The main premise
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