Assignment 7: Mean-Variance Portfolio Theory ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form 1 . Consider‚ as in Lecture 7.1‚ a portfolio of two risky assets‚ with expected returns rˉ1‚rˉ2‚ variances σ21‚σ22 and covariance σ1‚2. No other assets are available. You have to allocate $1 mln of investment in the portfolio of the two assets in order to minimize total portfolio variance. What is the optimal amount of investment in asset 1 (in mln dollars)? Assume expected returns are
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In PBM managed contracts among retail pharmacies such as‚ Bob’s Pharmacy‚ the PBM often in most instances will reimburse the pharmacy a flat rate dispensing fee for each prescription filled in addition to an added reimbursement amount for the actual product dispensed that can be based upon a percentage of the Average Wholesale Price (AWP). This price reimbursed for a drug may be different than the initial price that the retail pharmacy paid the drug wholesaler who supplied the drug to be dispensed
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VARIANCES IN ATTITUDES ACROSS CULTURES THE ROLE OF GENDER a. DEFINITION: “An attitude is the manifestation of values‚ beliefs‚ feelings‚ and states of mind” (Satterlee‚ 2009‚ p. 51). b. SUMMARY: Birgit Pfau-Effinger of The University of Hamburg in Hamburg‚ Germany recently published an article titled “Women ’s employment in the institutional and cultural context” in the International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy. The author’s intention throughout the paper is to identify the factor(s)
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Case Problem Air Force Training Program An Air Force introductory course in electronics uses a personalized system of instruction whereby each student views a videotaped lecture and then is given a programmed instruction text. The students work independently with the text until they have completed the training and passed a test. Of concern is the varying pace at which the students complete this portion of their training program. Some students are able to cover the programmed instruction text relatively
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Variances Variances can be either: * Positive/favourable (better than expected) or * Adverse/unfavourable ( worse than expected) A favourable variance might mean that: * Costs were lower than expected in the budget‚ or * Revenue/profits were higher than expected By contrast‚ an adverse variance might arise because: * Costs were higher than expected * Revenue/profits were lower than expected What causes budget variance? There are four key reasons and it is important that
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480 (U) Total sale mix variance= $39‚600 (U) (ii) Golf Cart = (22‚000 – 22‚800) x (4‚788/22‚800) x 134 = $22‚512 (U) Mobility vehicle = (22‚000 – 22‚800) x (18‚012/22‚800) x 164 = $103‚648 (U) Total sale quantity variance= $126‚160(U) b. Based on above analysis‚ there are unfavorable total sale mix variance of $39‚600 and unfavorable
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An Investigation of Auditor Decision Processes in the Evaluation of Internal Controls and Audit Scope Decisions 1. Introduction Over the past decade numerous studies have focused on auditors’ judgments. With few exceptions these studies have found that when auditors are given the same task‚ they frequently make different decisions.’ This result has been obtained for relatively simple tasks (e.g.‚ Joyce [1976]) and relatively complex tasks (e.g.‚ Reckers and Taylor [1979] and Mock and
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In the book “Humanity & Sin”‚ control beliefs are defined as convictions about the sorts of theories we find acceptable. The author then went on in chapter 2 to disclose some of his control beliefs. I like the author‚ am a theist. Now I could do the off the wall thing that I was thinking about doing at the beginning of this assignment like describing my control beliefs on a variety of things. My “control beliefs” of the decade of the sixties and how it ruined America‚ how man never landed on
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BUDGETARY CONTROL Budget is a plan which is expressed in terms of definite members: Eg. of a plan – Production has to be increased in the next quarter Eg. of a budget – Production has to improve by 10000 units from the last quarter to the next quarter. Definitions: According to ICMA “budget is a financial & / quantitative statements‚ prepared & approved prior to a defined period of time of the policy to be pursued during that period for the purpose of attaining a given objective. They may
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Textiles Supply Chains and Operational Control Systems. 1 2 The authors sincerely thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on this paper. Corresponding author: email – jason.choi@polyu.edu.hk‚ phone – (852)27666450 Sales Rebate Contracts in Fashion Supply Chains Abstract We explore in this paper the performance of sales rebate contracts in fashion supply chains. We conduct both analytical and numerical analysis via a mean-variance framework with reference to real empirical
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