The dissolution of the drug in different liquisolid formulations was performed in 500 ml simulated salivary fluid (phosphate buffer pH 6.8) maintained at 37 ± 0.5 ºC using the USP dissolution tester apparatus II‚ at a rotation speed of 50 rpm. Aliquots from the dissolution medium were withdrawn at 1‚ 2‚ 3‚ 4‚ 5‚ 6‚ 7‚ 8‚ 9‚ 10‚ 12.5‚ 15‚ 20‚ 25 and 30 minutes time intervals. The samples were changed with fresh dissolution medium of same amount to maintain a constant volume in the vessels. Samples
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Computer Enzyme Action: Testing Catalase Activity 6A H2O2 is toxic to most living organisms. Many organisms are capable of enzymatically destroying the H2O2 before it can do much damage. H2O2 can be converted to oxygen and water‚ as follows: 2 H2O2 → 2 H2O + O2 Although this reaction occurs spontaneously‚ enzymes increase the rate considerably. At least two different enzymes are known to catalyze this reaction: catalase‚ found in animals and protists‚ and peroxidase‚ found in plants. A great
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ACID/BASE You might need to know the following K values: CH3COOH Ka = 1.8 x 10–5 Benzoic Acid Ka = 6.5 x 10–5 HNO2 Ka = 4.5 x 10–4 NH3 Kb = 1.8 x 10–5 HF Ka = 7.2 x 10–4 H2S Ka = 5.7 x 10–8 HSO4– Ka = 1.2 x 10–2 HS– Ka = 1.2 x 10–13 HCOOH Ka = 1.8 x 10–4 HOCl Ka = 3.0 x 10–8 SIMPLE ACIDS AND BASES 1. According to the Brønsted–Lowry definition‚ which species can function both as an acid and as a base? (A) Cl– (B) SO42– (C) NH4+ (D) HCO3– (E) H3O+ 2. Which of the following
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Guidelines for writing laboratory reports Laboratory reports should be written according to the format below (failure to do so will result in marks being deducted): Formatting Font Type: Times Roman Font size: 12 Spacing: 1.5‚ justified Pages : 5 (minimum) - 10 (maximum) [pages must be numbered] Title page You are required to use the lab report submission page available on the LMS and are to include these details: lab no.‚ title of experiment‚ students’ names and ID‚ date of experiment as well
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L angmuir 1995‚11‚ 2344-2347 2344 Coating Polystyrene Particles by Adsorption of Hydrophobically Modified Dextran C . Fournier‚ M. Leonard‚* I. Le Coq-Leonard‚ and E . Dellacherie L CPM‚ URA C NRS 494‚ ENSIC B.P. 4 51‚ 54001 Nancy‚ France Received March 14‚ 1995. I n Final Form: May 22‚ 1995@ I n order to decrease their hydrophobicity and thus t o reduce the protein adsorption at their surface‚ polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) particles have been coated with dextran. To favor its adsorption
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Labset Five Worksheet 1. List five environments where you are likely to find microbial growth: Lakes‚ soil‚ oceans‚ tundras‚ deserts 2. How do microbes contribute to soil fertility? The decomposition that microbes take part in help release mineral nutrients‚ such as potassium and nitrogen‚ from dead organic matter and allowing primary producers the nutritional access. They also produce CO2 and CH4 to release into the soil and atmosphere. 3. Describe the growth you observed in each of your
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Observations of Chemical Changes Purpose/Hypothesis: To observe how acids react with bases and examine reactions of common household cleaners and the macroscopic changes these chemicals undergo. I expect for each solution to react differently when mixed with acids and bases. Procedure: I have a well-plate-96‚ a piece of white and black paper‚ and the chemicals from the Observation of Chemical Changes Experiment Bag. I used a different well for each combination of solutions. I placed two
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solution was allowed cooled for 2-3 minutes. The dark black solution was filtered through a gravity filtration system‚ leaving dark residue behind on the filter paper‚ and colorless to slightly pink liquid in the beaker. Then‚ 9 mL of sodium acetate buffer‚ to maintain a relatively constant pH and 1.8 mL of acetic anhydride were added to the solution‚ and then it was mixed and heated for about 5 minutes. Then‚ to induce crystallization‚ the beaker was placed in an ice bath. The slightly white‚ powdery
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chloride hydrate (MW 371.81 Da)‚ poly vinyl alcohol (MW 89‚000 Da) and 15 and 50 mL Corning centrifuge tubes were purchased from Aldrich (St. Louis‚ MO‚ USA). Acetone was purchased from Fischer Scientific Laboratory (Fair Lawn‚ NJ‚ USA). Phosphate buffer pH 7.0 was purchased from EMD Chemicals Inc. (Gibbstown‚ NJ‚ USA). 0.2 micron syringe filters were obtained from Millipore Corporation (Carrigtwohill‚ Ireland). 1.1. Collection and preparation of crude methanolic plant extract (CMPE) of Callistemon
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How is pH affecting catalase activity? Hypothesis The catalase activity is assumed to be the most active in pH7. The higher or lower concentration away from the optimum pH of catalase‚ the slower the rate of activity is. Data Collection & Processing I collected the results of pH4‚ pH7‚ pH10 and pH13 after 2 minutes‚ and I repeated the experiment 3 times. Below is a table to show the results‚ their averages and standard deviations: | 1st time (sec) | 2nd time (sec) | 3rd time (sec)
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