Abstract: For the first part of this lab we refluxed different Carboxylic acids and alcohols in the presence of a acid catalyst in order to form Esters by Fischer Esterification. These Esters had different pleasant smells that we then evaluated. In the second part of the experiment‚ we broke the ester bonds of a triglyceride in order to form glycerol and carboxylate salts. This process is known as Saponification because it produces amphiphilic molecules that allow soap to remove dirt from the surface
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CAUSES OF FACIAL PAIN Clinicians involved in the orofacial pain field should not encounter particular difficulties to make a differential diagnoses between PDAP and other neuropathic facial pain conditions‚ simply relying on the clinical history. Burning mouth syndrome has a characteristic clinical presentation that is easy to differentiate with PDAP (36). Persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) is still an “ill-defined” entity and there is not enough data to consider or not PDAP as a localized form
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Flame Lab Objective: How an electron absorbs energy and re-emits it as light and why different elements have different spectra. Also to learn how to use flame tests to determine the identity of unknown mixtures. Hypothesis: We know that certain compounds will burn certain flame colors because they emit different wave lengths. Introduction: Neils Bohr made the “Bohr’s Model” in 1922‚ he found that electron travel in specified fields – which‚ when excited‚ will jump to different rings
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which could cause harmful effects in the future. The amount of television time per week also dramatically dropped‚ but the time was not replaced by reading‚ which just proves that there just isn’t any time for any of that. In the nonfiction article‚ “Burning Out at Nine?” from TIME by Nadya Labi‚ she claims that students are worn down because they are expending more time at school‚ devoting more time on sports‚ and suffering from the lack of sufficient
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EXPERIMENT 4B: THE MENDELEEV LAB OF 1869 Materials: 30 element cards‚ periodic table Aim: How can we identify elements based on their propeties? Background: Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev is generally credited as being the first chemist to observe patterns emerge when the elements are arranged according to their properties. Mendeleev’s arrangement of the elements was unique because he left blank spaces for elements that he claimed were undiscovered as of 1869. Mendeleev was so confident
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Bubble Inside a Bubble Materials • • • • • • • • Granulated sugar (we had our best results using Imperial Sugar and Dixie Crystals) Dish soap Water Tablespoon Scissors Pipette Cup Adult supervision Bubbles form because of a combination of water’s hydrogen bonds and the oily film you can see shimmer in the light. The oily film you see is actually two separate layers of soap attached to‚ and surrounding‚ hydrogen-bonded water. Solar Oven S’mores Materials • Pizza box • Two clear sheet protectors
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Enzyme Activity Lab Hypothesis: 1] Are enzymes reusable? Yes‚ enzymes are reusable. 2] Which of the following do you think contain catalase? [Manganese dioxide‚ chicken meat‚ apple‚ carrot‚ potato‚ or chicken liver] I think that the manganese dioxide‚ apple‚ and carrot contain the catalase. 3] Would grinding the materials affect enzyme activity? I think that grinding the materials will increase enzyme activity. 4] Would temperature affect enzyme activity? I think that
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Chemistry Lab Report Water Hydration Introduction: A hydrated crystal or hydrated occurs when water becomes tightly attracted to a metal salt base on it’s polarity. The water molecules maintain integrity as molecules‚ however they are considered to be part of the formula of the hydrate. When the hydrate metal salt crystal is heated‚ the attractions to the water are broken by the heat energy and the water escape from the crystal. After heating the salt crystal is called as anhydrous‚ which
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Calcium‚ Magnesium‚ and Cytoplasmic Streaming in Physarum Polycephalum Eugenia Rita Lee Dr. Bonner BIO 111 Introduction: Physarum polycephalum is a type of slime mold of the myxogastria class that prefers warm and damp conditions. It can go through three forms‚ plasmodium‚ sclerotium‚ and sporangia. The plasmodium is the primary active state‚ where P. polycephalum consists of protoplasmic veins and multiple nuclei. During this stage‚ the slime mold surrounds its’ food and secretes enzymes
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Magnesium: Normal Ranges: 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL A magnesium test is used to measure the level of magnesium in the blood. Abnormal levels of magnesium are most frequently seen in conditions or diseases that cause impaired or excessive excretion of magnesium by the kidneys or that cause impaired absorption in the intestines. Magnesium levels may be checked as part of an evaluation of the severity of kidney problems and/or of uncontrolled diabetes and may help in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders
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