"What is a working capital policy and why is it needed?" Working capital is a “measure of a company’s efficiency and its short term financial health” (Ivestopedia‚ 2008). To calculate a company’s working capital subtract its current liability from its current assets. Current assets include cash‚ accounts receivable‚ and inventory on hand. “Working Capital gives investors an idea of a company’s underlying operational efficiency” (Investopedia‚ 2008). A positive working capital ensures that a company
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Murabaha Documentation & Practical Issues There are a number of documents involved in a Murabaha financing transaction. The most essential of these documents are: * Master Murabaha Financing Agreement * Agency Agreement * Order Form / Draw Down Notice * Declaration * Purchase Evidences * Demand Promissory Note * Payment Schedule Master Murabaha Financing Agreement (MMFA) * Its an agreement between the client and the Bank whereby the client agrees to purchase
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CAPITAL BUDGETING MEANING OF CAPITAL BUDGETING Capital budgeting is the making of long term planning decision for investment fixed assets and their financing. Capital budgeting decision is concerned with current investment that will pay for itself and yield an acceptable rate of return over its life span. Hampton (1992) defines capital budgeting as the decision making process by which firms evaluate the purchase of major fixed assets‚ including buildings‚ equipment. It also covers decisions to
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different industries; they are Unilever Group and Rolls-Royce Holdings plc. In order to see the capital structure debt and equity ratios were calculated. According to calculations Unilever’s debt ratio is 32.49% and equity ratio is 67.51%. Rolls-Royce numbers are 16.81% and 83.19 % respectively. In both cases we see that firms prefer to use their own capital. We cannot tell with certainty why this structure was chosen‚ but we can look for example at the level of liquidity. Unilever has 93% (cash to
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Understanding corporate value: managing and reporting intellectual capital Intellectual capital Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 Definitions of intellectual capital 6 2.1 2.2 Classifications of intellectual capital Why is intellectual capital so difficult to measure? 3 IC measurement 8 Generic models 3.1 Balanced scorecard 3.2 Performance prism 3.3 Knowledge assets map approach Individual company models 3.4 The Skandia navigator 3.5 Ericsson’s cockpit communicator
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Capital Budgeting Analysis Project MBA 612 The General Capital Budgeting Process and how it is implemented within Organizations The general capital budgeting process is the tool by which an organization determines its choice of investments through analyzing and evaluating its cash in and out flows. The capital budget process is vital to the organizations mere existence. Capital budgeting decisions can mean the difference between the company’s
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Capital Budgeting Capital Budgeting is done because companies need to make Acceptance/rejection decisions for buying fixed assets etc. Features of fixed assets : Investments upfront and returns take a long time. Risk is long term Expenses are indivisible and lumpy Ex. If HUL wants to put up a synthetic detergent plant of 50 cr. Rs. -> by spending 25 Cr. Rs.‚ the plant wont be operational at half the capacityS The Capex decisions are irreversible Projected P&L : Less Sales Raw Materials
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BACKGROUND: Increased financial pressures on hospitals have elevated the importance of working capital management‚ that is‚ the management of current assets and current liabilities‚ for hospitals’ profitability. Efficient working capital management allows hospitals to reduce their holdings of current assets‚ such as inventory and accounts receivable‚ which earn no interest income and require financing with short-term debt. The resulting cash inflows can be reinvested in interest-bearing financial
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WHAT IS CAPITAL BUDGETING? 1. 2. Decision making process of selecting and evaluating longterm investments. Examples include the decision to replace equipment‚ to develop new product‚ or to build new shop at a new branch of operations. It is very crucial for companies to make the right decisions because these projects require a huge amount of cash outflow committed for many years. A right decision will increase the firm’s value as well as the shareholders’ wealth. A wrong decision will
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Accounting paper Capital Budgeting‚ Budgeting and Working Capital Strategies Due: December 1‚ 2008 California International Business University‚ San Diego Accounting‚ CIBU 631 Lee White (MBA) Table of content 1 Introduction 3 2 Background and meaning 4 2.1 Budget 4 3 Capital budgeting 5 3.1 Capital budgeting techniques 7 3.1.1 Net Present Value 7 3.1.2 Payback Period 9 3.1.3 Modified Rate of Return 10 4 Budgeting Process 11 4.1 Analytical Tool
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