it stand‚ then observe the reactions. 5. If no reaction can be observed‚ warm the test tube in 50。C water bath for 5 minutes. * Do not inhale the fumes occurring with oxalic acid‚ they are toxic to respiratory system. 9.4 Preparation of Ester from Halides 1. Place 0.5 ml of 1-butanol into a dry test tube‚ and add 0.5 ml of benzol chloride. 2. Warm for 2-3
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and to create a Grignard reagent that will in turn‚ form a tertiary alcohol. Table of Physical Constants |Name |MW |mL/g used |Moles used |Density |M.P. |B.P. | |n-butyl bromide |137.02 g/mol | | |1.2686 g/cm3 |-112.4 C |101.6 C | |Anhydrous ether |74.12 g/mol | | |0.7134 g/cm3 |-116.3 C |34.6 C
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Food Emulsions: An Important Mix Food emulsions are everywhere in today’s food industry. From the milk poured with a bowl of cereal in the morning to the margarine used to flavor rolls at dinner‚ food emulsions are something that an individual will encounter on a daily basis. By formal definition‚ a food emulsion is defined as‚ “a colloidal dispersion of two liquids‚ usually oil and water‚ that are immiscible.” (Murano 2003). To better understand what this definition is stating‚ a colloidal dispersion
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ethyl salicylate will be found‚ as well as the overall yield of the 2-step conversion of acetyl salicylic acid to ethyl salicylate. Introduction: Esters are formed from the reaction of acids and alcohols: O O || || R-C-OH + HO-R’ → R-C-OR’ + H2O acid alcohol ester water The pleasant smelling oil of ethyl salicylate is made by reacting salicylic acid (week 1) with excess ethanol. An acid catalyst
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Chemistry Exam Study Sheet Organic Chemistry • Study of compounds to which carbon is the principal element. • Carbon is special because it has 4 bonds. Functional Groups • Organic substances are organized into organic families. • Organic Families – group of organic compounds with common structural features. o Each family has a recognizable physical property and a specific structural arrangement. o Each combination is referred to as a functional group. o Even
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CHOONG SHING YI CHOONG SHING YI Preparation and Recrystallization of Aspirin Preparation and Recrystallization of Aspirin Date of the experiment: 9 May 2013 Date of submission: 23 May 2012 Date of the experiment: 9 May 2013 Date of submission: 23 May 2012 Synopsis 1. General Objective: To familiarize with the preparation of some simple organic compound and purify the compound by recrystallization. Specific Objective: The experiment is carried
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Identification: * Testing for Macromolecules * September 20‚ 2012 – September 25‚ 2012 * SBI4U1-01 * Rebekah Alto‚ Chayene Banta‚ Taylor Denton‚ Sarosh‚ Brianna Madar * Mrs. Kolobaric Purpose: To use a set of standardized procedures to test for simple sugars and starch‚ proteins‚ and fats. Hypotheses: A.) B.) C.) Equipment: -Safety goggles -Lab apron -400 mL beaker -Utility stand with ring clamp -Hot plate
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introduce a specific odor. Basic ingredients in air fresheners typically include formaldehyde‚ aerosol propellant‚ petroleum distillates‚ and p-dichlorobenzene. Air freshener preparations often also include terpenes such as limonene. Aldehydes‚ ketones‚ esters‚ alcohols and other synthetic fragrances are also used. A report issued in 2005 by the Bureau Européen des Unions de Consommateurs (BEUC) found that many air freshener products emit allergens and toxic air pollutants including benzene‚ formaldehyde
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In addition to a very good example; forming an ester is possible by reacting Grignard reagent with alpha-monochloroether. Grignard reagents could be used in forming many different compounds such as acid anhydrides‚ acids‚ alkyl cyanides‚ primary amines‚ alkyl halides‚ Thioalcohols‚ sulphuric acids and
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---- R-C-O-Na+ + R’OH Ester(fat) + base(caustic soda) ---- salt of fatty acid(soap) + alcohol(glycerol). Caustic potash (potassium hydroxide) can be used instead of caustic soda (sodium hydroxide)but is more expensive. The base used to come from wood ash containing potassium carbonate which formed potash as this was not plentiful it made soap a luxury. The cheapest source of the ester is animal and vegetable fats and oils. H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H-H
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