2. Discuss the effect that modernization has had on ethnic identification and ethnic conflict. The effect modernization has had on ethnic identification and ethnic conflict is not a great one. Early modernization theorists‚ who were quite optimistic about the positive effects of literacy‚ urbanization‚ and modern values‚ clearly underestimated the extent to which these factors might mobilize various ethnic groups and set them against each other (Handelman‚ 2011‚ p. 113). Modernization challenged
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With reference to examples‚ assess the success of strategies adopted to resolve conflicts of interest in the management of water resources in trans-border river basins. Water conflicts often enough results from opposing interests of water users. This is especially true in trans-border river basins where the freshwater river travels across more than one country. Conflicts among water users arise as water quality or water quantity degrades and no longer meets the demands of each country. Today
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In the given debate topic of ’Is ethnic conflict inevitable?’ both authors have explained their perspectives with an example of historical events in particular society. I would like to explain the summary of both the sides and then I would express my point of view as under. Sudhir Kakar – a social researcher in India has taken the psychological perspective to explain the inevitable causes of ethnic conflicts. Taking Indian community as a whole‚ he differentiates the understanding of everybody
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History 212 Professor Laurel Carrington Dayou Xie The Investiture Conflict The beginning of the Investiture Conflict was due to eleventh-century papacy’s attack on the clerical abuses of simony‚ clerical marriage‚ and lay investiture. According to canon law‚ bishops were supposed to be elected by the clergy of the diocese‚ but in practice‚ anointed kings who claimed themselves to be God’s vicars‚ appointed bishops and invested them with the symbols of their spiritual and temporal authority‚ which
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To a large extent‚ ideology is like a religion: it symbolizes and intensifies conflicts between groups and states more than it causes them. Ideologies have a somewhat weaker hold on core values and absolute truth than religions do‚ so they pose a somewhat fewer problems for the international system. For realist‚ ideological differences among states do not matter much‚ because all members of the international system pursue their national interests in the context of relatively fluid alliances. For
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various parties involved in deliberations that must lead to decisions‚ and the shades of information and viewpoints available to these parties‚ steps that lead to decisions must be clear on desired outcomes and accommodate different perspectives. Conflicts and the need to negotiate must arise sometimes become people are need-driven and see things from their own points of view - for good reason. For instance‚ in my experience‚ I have encountered several instances where HR‚ business units and IT seemed
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The whole conflict with Syria is that it is in the midst of a civil war that has come to be known as the Syrian Uprising. The civilians are fighting for the resignation of President Assad. What were once peaceful protests turned into deadly riots after soldiers fired on demonstrators which consisted of women and children which caused a nationwide uproar. This single action would bring the world to the brink of a third world war. August 21‚ 2013 civilians of Syria were gassed
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Frequently calls as “First Chechen War”‚ the conflict was officially named by Russian government as “measures on maintenance of public order”. The previous events and conflict itself are characterized by huge losses in killed and wounded among civil population‚ military forces and law-enforcement agencies. It also leads to stampede of Russians and other nations from Chechnya. In spite of some military progress of Russian forces‚ the conflict results in withdrawal of Federal troops from Chechnya
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Conflict in Mali Mali is a country located in Northwestern Africa that has been no stranger to both external and internal turmoil in recent decades. Recently the issue has escalated to a boiling point that not only imperils Malian internal affairs‚ but also threatens African infrastructure as a whole. In Northern Mali there is a territory known as the Azawad that has been hotly contested since its inception into Mali. A rebel group that has great support in Mali called the National Movement
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Conflict at Riverside The conflict between organisational management and trade unions has existed now for many years. Whilst the objectives of trades union have traditionally been to maintain and improve the conditions of their worker members‚ this has more often than not‚ manifested itself in a conflict and struggle with the “political systems” adopted by the hierarchy of company management. This is certainly evident in the conflict at Riverside. What adds another dimension to the situation is
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