other eastern areas of religious journey from the control of the Muslims. Pope Urban II advanced from Byzantine Emperor Alexius Comnenus for military help against the Turks. Urban accomplished so much to restore Papal honor after Gregory VII. While occupied with a religious voyage through French seas‚ he stop at Clermont 1095‚ and preached the First Crusade. The Muslim triumphs against the Byzantines and their close journey to Jerusalem said to be distrust to Christianity. Rather than seeking among
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Abstract Al-Fatih was an Ottoman leadership figure who was characterized as wise‚ of great fame and a leader to be reckoned with. His figure‚ leadership and wisdom can be seen in his successful war strategies against enemies in each and every military expedition. The objective of this article is to analyze war strategic planning undertaken by Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih in a series of wars and the opening of territories which led to Ottoman’s victories and success. Key words: Muhammad
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the Greek texts and society of antiquity constitutes the discipline of Classics. Greek was a widely spoken lingua franca in the Mediterranean world and beyond during Classical Antiquity‚ and would eventually become the official parlance of the Byzantine Empire. In its modern form‚ it is the official language of Greece and Cyprus and one of the 23 official languages of the European Union. The language is spoken by at least 13 million people today [12] in Greece‚ Cyprus‚ and diaspora communities in
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water and then spill out over to the aqueduct to its side... basically how to pump water from the river without using a pump. Apparently the wheels are all a-spin in the summer when there’s more water. History Norias were first developed in the Byzantine Era which is around the 13th century when they used to supply the town with water. The water wheels are 20m in diameter and the can be as tall as a five storey building. At one time there were more than 30 Noria wheels during the medieval times
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Charlemagne was the crowned ruler of "Emperor of the Romans" by Pope Leo III on Christmas Day. The significant is that he was the first over 300 years that Europe was not a broken compound of transferring and competing warrior tribes‚ but instead a collection of stable nation-states. Extreme stability happened when Charlemagne’s Carolingian Frankish Empire was formed. Both parties involvement had different reasons behind the coronation. Pope Leo’s drive for crowning Charles included an opportunity
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1. Compare the Arab and Seljuk conquests of the Middle East. How did each group of conquerors control their own followers and supporters and govern their new subjects? Can these conquests be put into a long-term context? Hint: don’t dwell overlong on sequences of events‚ though it is fine if you want to examine an event as part of a broader analysis of a larger historical process. The history of the Middle East tells a story of continuous conquer and seemingly One cannot help but recall the
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RENAISSANCE ART Renaissance was the period of economic progress where cities were built. The term “Renaissance” came from the French language meaning‚ “rebirth.” In this period‚ another word was created for man. There was a classical learning in the study of the ancient Greek and Roman texts. The period stirred enthusiasm for the philosophy and artistic values of the ancients. The ideals of classicism- balance‚ harmony‚ proportion and intellectual order became the artistic standard of the time.
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the physical size of post-Classical trade networks compare to the previous era? Enlarging networks advanced greater inter-regional borrowing while at the same time sustaining regional diversity. The enlargement of existing including China‚ the Byzantine Empire‚ and the Caliphates. Also new empires like the Mongols facilitated trans-Eurasian trade and communication as new people were drawn into their conquerors’ economies and
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The Byzantine Empire consistently exchanged currency with the soldiers of the many European countries fighting in the war. Disagreements about the ratio of trading currencies arose many times during the First Crusade. The French believed they were unfairly being
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The poem "Sailing to Byzantium" is one of the most substantial pieces included in W.B. Yeats ’s final book "The Tower". Created in the later years of his life‚ many of the poems in The Tower deal with the issues of old age and leaving the natural world‚ but none so strongly as "Sailing to Byzantium". Byzantium itself symbolized eternity to Yeats; it was an ancient city that represented a place of artistic and intellectual permanence. Yeats believed that ""in early Byzantium‚ maybe never before or
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