230 Review Conformational analysis and cyclohexane conformations (Chpt 4): 1. Use a Newman projection‚ about the indicated bond‚ to draw the most stable conformer for the following compounds. (a) 3-methylpentane about the C2-C3 bond (b) 3‚3-dimethylhexane about the C3-C4 bond 2. Using what you know about conformational energetics of substituted cyclohexanes‚ predict which of the two decalin isomers (cis or trans) is more stable. Explain you reasoning. 3. The most stable form of the
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NADPH The Oxygen is waste‚ and leaves! So‚ in this stage‚ water comes in. ATP and NAPDH come out‚ as does Oxygen. 2. Light independent stage (Carbon Reduction) Happens in the stroma of the chloroplast. It’s the Calvin Cycle At the start of the cycle‚ there’s a 5 Carbon molecule RuBP A CO2 molecule enters and attaches to it‚ making a 6 Carbon molecule Rubisco is the enzyme that makes this happen.
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Categories: 1. Producers 2. Consumers 3. Detritus feeders and decomposers Producers = organisms that capture energy from the sun or from chemical reactions to convert carbon dioxide to organic matter Organic Matter vs. Inorganic Matter -Matter that makes up the bodies of living things generally characterized by the presence of carbon and hydrogen bonds. Most producers are green plants. 1. Autotroph i. Chemosynthetic bacteria ii. Green plants iii. Algae 2. Heterotroph i. Animals ii.
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QUESTION: 1. Determine physicochemical parameters for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)‚ fresh empty fruit bunch(EFB)‚ and palm oil boiler ash. State the reference(s). 2. Determine the mass of each components at initial raw compost mixture that consist of POME+EFB(300metric ton)+ash+additive. Stat your answer in metric ton and consider any nutrient losses. The final compost should have: C/N<30‚ N=1.8%‚ P=0.5%‚ K=3.4%‚ Mg=0.8% Given: a) Composting time: 45 days b) Composting system:
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d) inhibition and facilitation e) page 1124 6) Describe the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen. Trace these elements from the point of their release from a decaying animal to their incorporation into a living animal. a) check out chap 54 study guide for both cycles b) carbon cycle = cellular respiration‚ photosynthesis c) Nitrogen cycle = nitrification‚ denitrification‚ nitrogen fixation‚ ammonification‚ atmospheric deposition d) page 1140 – 41 7) Using an example for
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many gases like nitrogen‚ oxygen‚ carbon dioxide and water vapour. All living beings need oxygen to break down glucose molecules and get energy for their activities. This results in the production of carbon dioxide. Another process which results in the consumption of oxygen and the concomitant production of carbon dioxide is combustion. This includes not just human activities‚ which burn fuels to get energy‚ but also forest fires. Despite this‚ the percentage of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere is a
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Carbon Family ← ns2np2 valence-electron configuration ← contains two of the most important elements on earth: • carbon‚ the fundamental constituent of the molecules necessary for life‚ and silicon‚ which forms the basis of the geologic world ← lighter members are nonmetals; heavier metals are metals • all group members can form covalent bonds to nonmetals B. Carbon ← Carbon compounds cannot react with Lewis bases
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six 5-carbon molecules to form twelve 3-carbon molecules. Next‚ these are converted into higher energy forms using ATP and high energy electrons from NADPH. Lastly‚ two of the twelve 3-carbon molecules are removed from the cycle‚ used by the plant for metabolism and growth; the remaining ten are converted back into six 5-carbon molecules‚ which ultimately begin the next cycle. The Calvin Cycle has three in depth parts: C02 fixation‚ C02 reduction‚ and RuBP regeneration. During C02 fixation‚ C02
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Lecture 7 1. What are the equations for a. b. atmospheric fixation c. biological fixation 2. 3. Why is unused ammonia or nitrate dangerous 4. Nitrate reductase d. e. Describe the structure f. How is it activated g. How does it perform its job h. How is it regulated 5. How are the levels of nitrate diff in parts of a plant 6. What are steps of the assimilation of nitrogen 7. What are the two types of GOGAT and
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GPS: S7L4 – Students will examine the dependence of organisms on one another and their environments. Chapter 19 Cycles in Our Ecosystems Anything that has mass and occupies space is matter. This matter must be used over and over again in our closed ecosystem‚ we call this recycling. We will discuss a few of the very important cycles life depends on. The Water Cycle The movement of water among the oceans and our atmosphere‚ and the movement of fresh water (lakes‚ rivers‚ and streams)
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