The effect of light quantity on photosynthesis of green land plants Introduction Photosynthesis is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy (Hoober 1984). Pigments within chloroplasts‚ primarily chlorophyll‚ absorb the incoming solar energy which excites their electrons (Hoober 1984). These pigments exist in photosystems in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast (Ladiges et al.2010). As the electrons return to ground level‚ they are captured by the electron acceptor in the
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Extraction of caffeine from tea bags ABSTRACT Caffeine extraction from the commercial tea leaves (Lipton Yellow Label Tea) that was done is multiple extraction. 4 tea bags were used in the experiment; tea leaves were weighed having 8.5333 grams. The leaves were boiled in a beaker with 150ml of water; the aqueous tea extract was transferred in a seperatory funnel mixed with DCM (20ml)‚ done thrice. The DCM layer was washed with 20ml 6M NaOH in the seperatory funnel; the organic layer was dried
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such as coffee‚ tea and cola. Caffeine is naturally present in the leaves and seeds of a variety of plants. Consuming caffeine has significant physiological effects on your body--one being its direct effect on your heart rate. Features Once consumed‚ caffeine enters your blood from the stomach and small intestine and begins to stimulate your central nervous system. Caffeine stimulates receptors located in cells within your heart to increase your heart rate. Effects of this stimulation speed up your
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Deforestation has been taking places in every part of the world. Many forests have been cleared out without considering the effect to the world. Deforestation was‚ is and is going to be done with the reason to fulfill human’s need. Forest was used to cover around 50% of the total land in the earth‚ but sadly forest only cover around 30% of the total land. Can we still call earth the green planet if deforestation keeps on happening? I strongly believe that we need to stop deforestation before it is
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into chemical energy‚ which is a very important process for plants and other organisms. Light can be described in terms of light quantity and light quality. Both of these have an affect on photosynthesis. The more light a plant absorbs the more the plant is able to photosynthesize. This light is absorbed though pigments which have specific interactions with certain light waves (colors). The goal of my first experiment was to test the effect that which different colors have on photosynthesis‚ in other
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The trial was carried out at the Teaching and Research farm of The College of Education‚ Lanlate to determine the growth characteristics and yield effects of plant spacing and intercropping maize and cowpea. The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) six treatments and five replicates. The treatments were as follows; (1) Cowpea intercropped with maize at 50 X 50cm spacing; (2) Cowpea intercropped with maize at 25 X 25 cm spacing; (3) Sole maize at 50 X 50cm spacing;
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acid rain Acid rain is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic. It has harmful effects on plants‚ aquatic animals‚ and infrastructure. Acid rain is mostly caused by human emissions of sulfur and nitrogen compounds which react in the atmosphere to produce acids. In recent years‚ many governments have introduced laws to reduce these emissions. Emissions from volcanoes and those from biological processes that occur on the land‚ in wetlands‚ and in the oceans account for the
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Period G Interspecific and Intraspecific Plant Competition Abstract A study was conducted to address the problem of interspecific and intraspecific competition among wheat and mustard plants. It was hypothesized that increasing the plant density‚ and therefore increasing intraspecific competition‚ would negatively impact the plant biomass. It was also hypothesized that interspecific competition would have a stronger negative effect on the plant biomasses. This was tested by planting varying
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PLANT RESPONSES TROPISM is a biological phenomenon‚ indicating growth or turning movement of a biological organism‚ usually a plant‚ in response to an environmental stimulus. In tropisms‚ this response is dependent on the direction of the species. The word tropism comes from the Greek trope ("to turn" or "to change"). Tropisms are usually named for the stimulus involved and may be either positive (towards the stimulus) or negative (away from the stimulus). Phototropism is the growth response
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PLANT SAFETY Industrial accidents present a serious problem like production losses and property damage that can possibly have a crippling effect on the operations of the organization. However‚ it is possible to and practicable to control industrial accidents Objectives of The Indian Factories Act 1948 • To protect human beings from being subjected to unduly long hours of bodily strains of manual labor‚ and • Employees should work in health and sanitary conditions so far as the manufacturing
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