Infra-Red Spectroscopy of HCl and DCl gas Abstract Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy has been very useful in helping scientists examining molecules of HCl and DCl. Because deuterium has a greater mass than hydrogen‚ the IR band shown for HCl is at a higher wavelength than DCl. The absorption of light in DCl was at lower frequency 1700-2200 cm-1 because D is bigger and heavier. That’s why the vibrations on the IR were shorter for DCl compared to HCl. The stretching of HCl on the IR region was
Premium Atom Hydrogen Spectroscopy
To investigate the relationship between surface area : volume ratio and heat loss. INTRODUCTION: The aim of this experiment is to investigate and find the relationship between heat loss (of water) and surface area to volume ratio of animals. To investigate this‚ we are going to use three flasks of different volume (as the equivalent the animals) and thus different surface areas filled with water. BACKGROUND: Surface Area : Volume Ratios We will be using the following formula for calculating
Premium Thermodynamics Heat Temperature
File: GeomB 2011 Answers 8.10.11 No Calculators: Updated: August 10‚ 2011 A concave polygon looks sort of like a vertex has been ’pushed in’ towards the inside of the polygon. A convex polygon has all the vertices of the polygon pointing outwards‚ away from the interior of the shape. Think of it as a ’bulging’ polygon. A regular polygon is a polygon which is equiangular (all angles are congruent) and equilateral (all sides have the same length). Regular polygons may be convex or star. (5
Premium Rectangle Triangle Area
Ash Analysis and Volumetric Analysis of a Carbonate-Bicarbonate Mixture De Guzman‚ Danica Justine R. Department of Chemical Engineering‚ Faculty of Engineering University of Santo Tomas Espana‚ Manila Abstract Titration is a laboratory method in which the endpoint of a reaction is determined quantitatively. In this experiment‚ the amount of soda ash present in a sample was determined and the alkalinity reported as it was titrated using HCl as the titrant. Also‚ the percentage amount
Premium Acid Carbon dioxide Chemistry
Name: Ernest Ng Class: 4G (23) Date: 2-7-06 Mathematics ACE: Ellipse Areas Before we embark on solving the problem‚ let us first explore the definition of ellipse. [pic] An ellipse is a curve that is the locus of all points in the plane the sum of whose distances [pic] and [pic] from two fixed points [pic] and [pic] (the foci) separated by a distance of [pic] is a given positive constant [pic] [pic] While [pic] is called the major axis‚ [pic] is the semi major axis‚ which is exactly
Premium Conic section Ellipse Circle
Intracellular free calcium levels: Intracellular free calcium levels were estimated according to the method of Luo and Shi (Luo and Shi‚ 2005). Briefly‚ hippocampi were isolated from mice brains and subjected to hippocampal cells isolation as described later. The cells obtained were incubated with Fura-2 AM at 37°C with gentle shaking. The fura-2 loaded suspension was centrifuged for 10 minutes‚ pellet was washed once with Ca2+-free buffer and was centrifuged again. Aliquots of the washed suspension
Premium Protein Gene Brain
3.8.1.2 Leaf area and leaf area index (LAI) Leaf area of five randomly selected plants‚ was measured with the help of leaf area meter (Model LI-3100‚ USA) at 20‚ 40 and 60 DAS by destructive sampling from all leaves of the five sample plants (Sticker et al.‚ 1961). Plants were cut at the soil surface‚ leaves were separated from the plants‚ covered with blotting paper to keep the leaf intact and retain its original shape and were brought to the laboratory. Leaf area was measured immediately after
Premium Soil Humus
Area 51 Area 51 is a nickname for a military base that is located in the southern portion of Nevada in the western United States (83 miles north-northwest of downtown Las Vegas). Situated at its center‚ on the southern shore of Groom Lake‚ is a large secretive military airfield. The base’s primary purpose is to support development and testing of experimental aircraft and weapons systems. Its secretive nature and undoubted connection to classified aircraft research‚ together with reports of
Premium Moon NASA Nevada
Determination of the Solubility Product Constant of Calcium Hydroxide Introduction The equilibrium constant for the solubility equilibrium between an ionic solid and its ions is called solubility constant [1] ‚ Ksp of the solute. For example‚ the solubility product is defined by MxAy(s) ⇋xM(aq)y++ yA(aq)x- (1) Where M is the metal cation‚ A is the anion‚ x and y are the corresponding charges of the ions. The equilibrium expression is Ksp=[MY+]x[AX-]Y (2)
Premium Chemistry Solubility Chemical equilibrium
that the change in HCl concentration does affect the rate of reaction with the Calcium carbonate pebbles. The relationship between the change in HCl and reaction rate can be seen in the graph and raw data table presented above. If you compare the lowest concentration with the highest concentration you’d be able to see that there is a very large contrast between their averages. The average gas production of 0.1M HCl was 0.00693 kPa/s whereas the average gas production for 1M HCl was 0.257. This clearly
Premium Chemical reaction Chemistry Chlorine