Table of Contents: CHAPTER I: Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i Statement of the problem . . . . . . . . . . . ii Hypothesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii Scope and limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Definition of terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v CHAPTER II:RRL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi CHAPTER III:Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii CHAPTER IV:Results
Free Calcium carbonate Hydrogen peroxide
Advantages: Sulfamic acid is the fastest de-scaler - It dissociates into hydroxonium ions more readily in aqueous solution than the others‚ therefore giving a greater concentration of atoms that are able to react with the calcium in lime scale. It is safe to use because it does not produce chlorine gas [5]‚ which can be toxic. Sulfamic acid also has a low volatility. Disadvantages: Sulfamic Acid can be an irritant to eyes or skin and is the most expensive of the de-scalers. Q2) How these de-scalers
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which is thick. This allows the egg to “bounce.” How does it work? Egg shell is made of calcium carbonate. Vinegar is an acid - acetic acid. When calcium carbonate is exposed to an acid it reacts. The calcium carbonate egg shell dissolves‚ but the membrane inside the shell‚ surrounding the egg‚ remains intact. This makes the egg feel rubbery. Not only does the vinegar dissolve the calcium carbonate shell‚ but it also fills the egg with water‚ by a process called osmosis. Since the concentration
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Displacement. B.) Calcium Carbide and Water‚ my hypothesis is a Double Displacement. C.) Zinc and Hydrochloric Acid‚ my hypothesis is a Single Displacement. D.) Alcohol and Oxygen‚ my hypothesis is a Combustion. E.) Lead (II) Nitrate and Potassium Iodide‚ my hypothesis a Double displacement. F.) Copper and oxygen‚ my hypothesis is a synthesis. G Magnesium and oxygen‚ my hypothesis is a synthesis. H.) Acetic acid and Sodium bicarbonate‚ my hypothesis is a double displacement. I.) Copper (II) carbonate and Hydrochloric
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Determination of Calcium ions in milk using titration. Background Calcium is a mineral which is essential to the human body. In fact 1.5% of the human body is made up of calcium‚ and not just the obvious uses such as bone and teeth formation but it is also a vital factor in many enzyme reactions‚ for example blood clotting. It also partakes in the regulation of the hearts rhythm. Lack of the crucial mineral can result in the build up of cadmium and lead‚ both of which are toxic. along
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(pH 6 approximately). This reacted with the limestone (which is primarily made of Calcium Carbonate) and slowly dissolved it. This erosion of the rock created the channels‚ caverns and caves that are seen today. Once the caves were formed‚ stalactites‚ stalagmites and other cave decorations began to form. water dripping down form the roof of the cave or flowing over the walls left behind mall deposits of Calcium
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BACK TITRATION AIM - To estimate volumetrically the amount of calcium carbonate present in the eggshell and analyzing the sources of errors to evaluate the result. Part A: Standardization of 2M NaOH(aq) Data Collection : Weight of substances Uncertainty Weight of watch glass + salt (potassium hydrogen phthalate) w1= 23.4380g ± 0.001g Weight of watch glass ( after emptying the salt)w2 = 21.5430g ± 0.001g Weight of salt (potassium hydrogen phthalate) w1 –w2= (23.4380± 0.001g) – (21
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when it is left in a sunny place. [1] © UCLES 2011 1113/01/SP/12 [Turn over 4 3 Maya investigates the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. She adds dilute hydrochloric acid to some calcium carbonate (marble chips)‚ at room temperature. She collects the gas given off in a gas syringe. For Examiner’s Use dilute hydrochloric acid syringe calcium carbonate (a) Suggest one safety hazard in this experiment. How can Maya reduce the risk from this hazard? hazard how to
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the process. LITERATURE: The acids in the vinegar make the shell deteriorate. Eggs contain "calcium carbonate"(this is what makes it hard)‚ and vinegar is an acid. When they both combine a chemical reaction takes place‚ and carbon dioxide is released. This is what bubbles are made of. The vinegar makes the egg soft because it takes all the carbon out. Since the egg shell is made out of "calcium carbonate" and is "eaten" up by the acidic vinegar. It leaves behind the inner membrane and gives it the
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Limestone is a grey organic sedimentary rock made of calcium carbonate. A lime stone pavement is a large flat area of bare limestone from which soil cover has been removed over a long a period of time the acidic rainwater passes through soil it picks up humic acid from the rotting vegetation in the soil and becomes more acidicis. Rainwater picks up carbon dioxide as it passes through the atmosphere. As it passes through soil‚ the water picks up more carbon dioxide from organic debris. The water and
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