Case 5-1 Income Smoothing a. Firstly‚ investors tend to invest in companies with stable earnings rather than one with volatile earnings. With stable earnings‚ there will be more likely an issuance of dividends and investors could easily predict the company’s future earnings compared to one with unstable earnings. With consistent earnings generated‚ it gives investors a secured feeling that it will again generate earnings as predicted. Confidence in the growth of rate of earnings is crucial because
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American International University Bangladesh Spring‚ 2012 Assignment Subject: Ratio Analysis of Agriculture Marketing Company Limited (PRAN) Prepared For TABASSUM‚ NAFEESA Faculty‚ BBA Prepared By Adnan Mohd. 08-11093-2 Mamoon Mansoor Mustafee 08-11905-3 Poonam Nazia 09-14141-2 Acknowledgement The success of this project work depends on the contribution of a number of people‚ especially
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University of Phoenix Material – Sonya Cargill 11/12/12 Week Five Calculations Read the following scenarios‚ and answer the accompanying questions. 1. Statistics students were asked to fill a one-cup measure with raisin bran‚ then tap the cup lightly on the counter three times to settle the contents. If necessary‚ they were instructed to add more raisin bran to bring the contents exactly to the one-cup line‚ then spread the contents on a large plate‚ and count the raisins. The 13 students
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JUSTUS-LIEBIGUNIVERSITÄT GIESSEN Andreas Bausch / Barbara E. Weißenberger / Marcus Blome Is market value-based residual income a superior performance measure compared to book value-based residual income? Working Paper 1 / 2003 – Arbeitspapiere Industrielles Management und Controlling – Herausgeber: Professur für Betriebswirtschaftslehre mit dem Schwerpunkt Industrielles Management und Controlling (Prof. Dr. Barbara E. Weißenberger) Justus-Liebig-Universität‚ Gießen http://wiwi
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PERSONAL COPY/ NOT FOR SALE OR CIRCULATION (Session 2012-13) INTRODUCTION HISTORY OF INCOME-TAX: 1. India’ trust with income tax dates back to 1859 when James Wilson‚ Finance member in the Council of India‚ came to the country to establish the tax structure‚ a new paper currency and to remodel the finance system. 2. A bill imposing tax on profits from property‚ professions‚ trades and offices was passed by the Legislative Council of India. It received the assent of the Governor General on July
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Calculations: a. 1. W = Vend − Vstart W = 1.87 mL – 0.92 mL W = .95 mL Wave = W1+W22 Wave = .95 mL+ .88 mL2 Wave = .915 mL 2. Vstartave = Vstart1+Vstart22 Vstartave = .92 mL+ .90mL2 Vstartave = .910 mL VRave = Vstartave + Wave2 VRave = .910 mL + .915 mL2 VRave = 1.37 mL 3. k’ = Vrave-VmVm k’ = 1.37 mL-.49 mL.49 mL k’ = 1.79 4. α = k’bluek’red α = 4.141.79 α = 2.31 5. R = (VRaveBlue-VRaveRed).5 (Wave(Blue)+Wave(Red))
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Importance of National Income Statistics There are several important uses of national income statistics and‚ therefore‚ there is great need for their regular preparation. National income estimates provide not only a single figure showing the national income‚ but also supply the detailed figures in regard to the various components of the national income. It is both the figure of national income and the details regarding its various constituents that throw light on the functioning and performance
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Definition of Gross Income‚ Taxable Income‚ and Net Income Gross income refers to all income but not excluding exempt income and subject to final income tax. Example of gross income include: salaries and wages‚ commission‚ sale of and other dealings in property‚ rents‚ dividends‚ and securities. Exclusion from gross income or those incomes that are exempted from tax include: life insurance proceeds paid to beneficiaries upon the death of the insured; compensation for injuries or sickness‚ retirement
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Income Effect The equilibrium of the consumer is obtained on the basis of the assumption that the income level of the consumer remains constant and prices of the two commodities also remain constant. When income of the consumer changes or when any price level changes the equilibrium position will be affected. When income increases‚ prices of the commodities remaining the same‚ the budget line shifts parallel to the right. This happens because there is a change in the intercept part of the equation
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“Family Income” Wage- Is the money amount receive daily for rendering service. Received by unskilled semiskilled‚ and skilled workers or blue-collar workers. A salary is the amount of money received monthly by professionals or white-collar workers. IN ADDITION TO WAGES OR SALARIES‚ SOME FAMILIES HAVE OTHER SOURCE OF INCOME THIS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: 1. Dividends from investments in bonds & stock. 2. Gifts from relatives & friends. 3. Inheritance. 4. Rentals from apartments
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