Abstract: This report presents the reason why the ocean does not freeze in the winter. Since the ocean consists of salt water‚ an experiment was done to test the effect of freezing on salt water compared to pure water. The experiment was conducted three times in order to obtain accurate results and eliminate errors. In addition to the salt and pure water experiment‚ a variation of this experiment was created to test other options. In the variation experiment the effect of freezing on sugar water
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CALCULATIONS Determining the amount Limiting Reagent used. nlimiting reagent = Molarity x Volume or Mass / Molar Mass Example: Limiting reagent is 5mL of 1.0 M HCl nlimiting reagent = Molarity x Volume nlimiting reagent = (1.0 [mol/L]) x 0.005 [L]) = 0.005 mol Determining the qrxn and qcal. qrxn + qcal = 0 -qrxn = qcal qrxn = ΔHrxn x nlimiting reagent qcal = Ccal ΔT qrxn = - Ccal ΔT + mcsolid ΔT (note: only if there is a precipitate formed in the reaction)
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Data and Observations: Part I Table: Metal: | Aluminum | Zinc | Iron | Copper | Mass of metal: | 27.776 g | 41.664 g | 34.720 g | 41.664 g | Volume of water in the calorimeter: | 26.0 mL | 26.0 mL | 26.0 mL | 26.0 mL | Initial temperature of water in calorimeter: | 25.3 °C | 25.3 °C | 25.3 °C | 25.3 °C | Temperature of hot water and metal in hot water bath: | 100.5 °C | 100.5 °C | 100.5 °C | 100.5 °C | Final temperature reached in the calorimeter: | 38.9 °C | 34.8 °C | 34.2 °C | 34
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EXPERIMENT NO. 1 INTRODUCTION TO LAB INSTRUMENTS. 1. BREADBOARD We should be familiar to the following things about a breadboard: * What is a breadboard and what is it used for? * How does it work? * Setting Up. * Limitations. What is a breadboard and what is it used for? A breadboard (or protoboard) is usually a construction base for prototyping of electronics. The term "breadboard" is commonly used to refer to a solderless breadboard (plugboard). It was designed by
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INTRODUCTION There are many reasons for knowing the identity of microorganisms. The reasons range from the knowing the causative agent of a disease to knowing the correct microorganism in order to make antibiotics. This study was done by applying the following methods; OF Glucose‚ Indole Production‚ and Malonate Utilization test for the identification of an unknown bacterium. The methods will assist in determining the unknown bacterium found in a 55 year old male that was passing blood and mucous
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Abstract: The Enzyme Lab results where when the liver was frozen‚ its reaction was fast‚ and when it was hot‚ it was slow‚ and the liver that was at room temperature reacted slowly to medium. Introduction: The Enzyme Lab is to conduct investigations to determine the most favorable conditions for the most efficient enzyme activity. Variables to be used testing include temperature‚ pH values and surface area. Enzymes are proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions‚ which would otherwise
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City University of Hong Kong Dept. of Physics & Materials Science AP2104 Mechanics of Solids Laboratory Manual Experiment 1 Pure Bending of a Beam Experiment 2 Torsional Deformations Experiment 3 Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials under Plane Stresses Experiment 1 Pure Bending of a Beam Objective 1. To examine the stresses at various positions of the beam under a constant load of pure bending. 2. To determine the curvature of deflection of the beam. Introduction
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Oscillators & Oscilloscope Morgan Dennis @02514008 Partners: Brittany Smith‚ Michelle Trang‚ James Anderson‚ Madison Shaw OBJECTIVE: We are going to study the features and operation of the oscilloscope. We will use the instrument to measure the frequency and amplitude for various sources. Ultimately‚ the oscilloscope will display the Lissajous figures. APPARATUS: The major apparatus used include; Oscilloscope‚ two audio oscillators‚ battery and connectors. THEORY: The oscilloscope
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Introduction Memory is defined as the faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information(Eysenck & keane‚ 2010). Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) (Cowan‚ Rouder‚ & Stadler‚ 2000)‚ came up with a model of sensory memory which stated not everything we perceive we process. Craik and Tulving (1975) developed an opposing theory in which they proposed the levels of processing theory‚ stating its not the processing but the type of quality of the processing that is performed‚ that determines the retention
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Job Safety Analysis or Job Hazard Analysis All employers have duty of care to individuals‚ staff‚ contractors or third parties in the workplace. It is also a legal requirement that organizations should document any health and safety risks that have been identified in the workplace. Equally‚ it is necessary to record the actions taken to reduce those risks What is a Job Safety Analysis or Job Hazard Analysis? One way to increase the knowledge of hazards in the workplace is to conduct
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