define and compare and contrast ETHNOCENTRISM and CULTURAL RELATIVISM. Discuss how you have experienced OR witnessed both concepts in our American Society. Ethnocentrism is viewing your own culture as more superior than any other culture‚ that all other groups are measured in relation to one’s own. Ethnocentrism can lead to cultural misinterpretation and it often distorts communication between human beings. + while cultural relativism is "the concept that the importance of a particular cultural
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Discuss how a) expectancy theory and b) equity theory can explain motivation at work. Motivation is the cognitive decision-making process through which goal-directed behavior is initiated‚ energized‚ directed‚ and maintained (Buchanan & Huczynski‚ 2010‚ p. 267) There are two types of theories that attempt to explain motivation at work – process theories and content theories. Content theories of motivation focus on goals that motivate employees while process theories focus on how employees make
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The moral debate of relativism versus objectivism is one that confronts a moral question that philosophers have been debating for many years. The ultimate question brought about in the debate is whether morality is based solely on individual choice and cultural approval‚ or are there universally valid moral principles. With this essay I will present the arguments for each view and I will also argue for the position I favor: moral objectivism. Relativism is the view that states that moral principles
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never interesting for its own sake‚ as art must be…‚” was the claim of conservative writer and philosopher Roger Scruton in his controversial 1989 paper ‘But is it art?’ Many responded strongly to Scruton’s claim that a photograph‚ unlike a painting‚ can never be representational‚ in any aesthetically pertinent sense of the word. He argues that there is an “intentional” relationship between a painted representation and its subject; an intentional relationship which simply cannot exist between a photograph
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The authors describe cultural relativism in this chapter. They explain cultural relativism with some examples such as Callatians‚ who lived in India and ate the bodies of their dead father‚ and Eskimos‚ who are native people of Alaska and had distinct moral codes‚ such as marriages‚ sexual practices‚ and infanticide. For instance‚ infanticide was common in Eskimos’ society of the early and mid-20th century. The customs seemed that they had little respect for human life. So‚ the two examples seem
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fact that much can be misunderstood or misinterpreted because cultures and civilizations may differ greatly. “Eating Christmas in the Kalahari” and “Shakespeare in the Bush” are two perfect examples of real life accounts of the problems that they face in the field‚ and it is found that in order for anthropologists to be able to truly study a certain culture‚ they must understand the meanings of ethnocentrism and cultural relativism. Ethnocentrism must be understood so that it can be avoided‚ because
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Ethical Relativism Cannibalism‚ what do you think of it? Is it morally correct? Does the theory of ethical relativism support it or does it knock it down? Throughout this paper I am going to evaluate the pros and cons of ethical relativism for a case concerning cannibalism. An American man by the name of Daniel went to South America‚ for the reasons of writing a book on it and publishing it in the United States‚ to study a native tribe and to try to become part of it. While Daniel was studying
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Brown that cultural relativism states that different cultures accept different moral principles and make different moral judgments (Barcalow‚ P.58). Our moral beliefs should align with our community’s beliefs. Whatever a community thinks is wrong for it is wrong for it. In other words‚ whatever your community believes is moral right and is moral wrong then you as a member of the community should oblige by those beliefs. Cultural relativism also claims that there is no universal moral principle that
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morally obliged to cremate the dead one is morally forbidden to eat them among the Callatians one is morally obliged to eat the dead one is morally forbidden to burn them 2.2 Cultural Relativism • Relativist Conclusion drawn from facts like these o There is no objective (absolute universal) morality -- no morality per se; rather just Ancient Greek morality Callatian morality traditional Eskimo morality modern American morality (such as it is . . . ) etc. o "X is Good"
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The theory of cultural relativism is based on a valued judgment between beliefs‚ culture‚ and religion. However‚ cultural relativism incorrectly answers the question‚ “What is right?” since there is no right or wrong when considering validity. Cultural relativism creates a belief that is the “highest standard” and there should be no biased opinions. Certain cultures tend to believe that they are superior to others. As a result‚ the different customs that exist are not said to be incorrect or correct
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