The Function of a Crystal Radio What is the first thing that comes into your mind when you think about the function of the radio? Is the first thing that pops into your mind the word ‘magic’? Despite the fact that it seems like it is magical and comes out of the air‚ radio and the use of the radio is very scientific. When broken down and analyzed‚ the function of the radio is more scientific than magical. The miraculous way that you can send out invisible information through thin air and can
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SiGe BiCMOS Technology for Communication Products Marco Racanelli and Paul Kempf Jazz Semiconductor 4321 Jamboree Rd‚ Newport Beach‚ CA 92660 Email: marco.racanelli@jazzsemi.com Abstract SiGe BiCMOS technology is reviewed with focus on recent advances including the achievement of >200 GHz Ft and Fmax SiGe transistors‚ integration with generic 0.13 µm CMOS‚ and the realization of low-cost nodes for the integration of wireless transceivers. Record-breaking wireless and wire-line circuit
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Single-Phase Motors Single-phase motors are generally built in the fractional-horsepower range and may be classified into the following four basic types: 1. Single-phase induction motors (i) split-phase type (iii) shaded-pole type (ii) capacitor type 2. A.C. series motor or universal motor 3. Repulsion motors (i) Repulsion-start induction-run motor (ii) Repulsion-induction motor 4. Synchronous motors (i) Reluctance motor (ii) Hysteresis motor 9.2 Single-Phase Induction
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Infrared security alarm Introduction: Not so long ago an alarm was a fairly rare sight‚ however now almost every house has an alarm of some kind. One common kind of security system is an infrared home security system. These are so popular because they are easy to install without having to drill holes and lay cable infrared radiation is invisible to the human eye but can be detected by electronic devices designed for such a purpose. The sensors are set at the door or some supervised
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and is totalized by the electric billing meter in kilovolt-ampere-hours (kVAH). ELECTRICAL LOADS: In general‚ electrical systems are made up of three components: resistors‚ inductors and capacitors Capacitive Load The power factor for capacitors is leading. Therefore capacitors are installed to counteract the effect of reactive power used by inductive equipment. Inductive Load Inductive equipment requires an electromagnetic field to operate. Because of this
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NE555 (IC1)‚ configured as astable multivibrator to produce frequency about 38 KHz. This is so‚ because IR module receiver used here works in range of 38 KHz frequency. Timing component of infrared remote control switch is resistor R1 and R2 and capacitor C2‚ determine the range of oscillating. Where‚ formula of generated frequency (F) from transmitter section IR remote is given by F = 1.443 / (R1 + 2R2) C2 The output frequency from pin 3 of IC1 is fed to base of transistor T1 through resistor R4
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GUIDELINES FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND MANAGEMENT OF E-WASTE (As approved vide MoEF letter No. 23-23/2007-HSMD dt. March 12‚ 2008) MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD Delhi MARCH‚ 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.0 Preamble 01 1.1 E-Waste 01 1.2 Environmentally Sound Management of E-waste 01 Chapter 2 OBJECTIVE & SCOPE OF THE GUIDELINES 2.1 Objective 02 2.2 Scope 02
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connected at PIN 6‚ which is the THRESHOLD PIN. As soon as Vc1 reaches ⅔Vcc‚ then the output at PIN 3 goes low‚ and the capacitor starts discharging‚ via PIN 7 with Rb as the Resistor and ground as the other terminal. (Refer to the first image to see how it MIGHT happen.) When it reaches ⅓Vcc‚ the output at PIN 3 goes high‚ and the DISCHARGE PIN’s connection with ground is broken. The capacitor again starts charging‚ and the cycle is repeated. You need not bother yourself with how the Circuit is broken
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Microcontroller Based Home Security A PROJECT REPORT ON “MICROCONTROLLER BASED HOME SECURITY SYSTEM” ABSTRACT Engineering is not only a theoretical study but it is a implementation of all we study for creating something new and making things more easy and useful through practical study. It is an art which can be gained with systematic study‚ observation and practice. In the college curriculum we usually get the theoretical knowledge of industries‚ and a little bit of implementation knowledge
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How to Solder First a few safety precautions: * Never touch the element or tip of the soldering iron. They are very hot (about 400°C) and will give you a nasty burn. * Take great care to avoid touching the mains flex with the tip of the iron. The iron should have a heatproof flex for extra protection. An ordinary plastic flex will melt immediately if touched by a hot iron and there is a serious risk of burns and electric shock. * Always return the soldering iron to its stand when
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