Introduction of bonds……………………………………………..01 Characteristics of Bonds…………………………………………01 Types of Bonds…………………………………………………… 06 Bonds Market……………………………………………………… 08 Introduction of Pakistan bond market……………...................08 How Bonds Trade……………………………………………….….09 Bond Price Variations……………………………………………..09 Bond valuation…………………………………………..................09 Types of bonds trade in Pakistan……………………………….10 Government Debt Securities……………………………………..10 Characteristics of MTBs and PIBs………………………………12 Pakistan
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Present value is where the value on a set date of a future payment is discounted to reflect the time value of money and other factors. This can also apply to a series of future payments. Present value calculations are commonly utilized in business and economics to provide a way to compare cash flows at different times. Present value can be described as the current worth of a future sum of money or stream of cash flows given a specified rate of return. (http://www.getobjects.com) Future cash flows
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CHAPTER 4 BONDS ANND THEIR VALUATION Bond value--semiannual payment 1. You intend to purchase a 10-year‚ $1‚000 face value bond that pays interest of $60 every 6 months. If your nominal annual required rate of return is 10 percent with semiannual compounding‚ how much should you be willing to pay for this bond? N = 20 I/Y = 5 PV = -1124.62 PMT = 60 FV = 1000 Bond value--semiannual payment 2. Assume that you wish to purchase a 20-year bond that has a maturity value of $1‚000 and makes semiannual
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YORK (AP) -- J.C. Penney is permanently marking down all of its merchandise by at least 40 percent so shoppers no longer have to wait for sales to get bargains. Penney said Wednesday that it is getting rid of the hundreds of sales it offers each year in favour of a simpler approach to pricing. Starting on Feb. 1‚ the retailer is rolling out an "Every Day" pricing strategy with much fewer sales throughout the year. The plan‚ the first major move by Apple executive Ron Johnson since he became Penney’s
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Net present Value‚ Mergers and acquisitions Abstract Main objective of undertaking this to report was learn about NPV present value (NPV) method to make capital budgeting decision(Google NEW Project) and success factors involved in mergers and acquisitions(Google-Groupon Case). Answers to the Assignments Part I: Google should go ahead with the new project. Part-II: Google’s acquisition of Groupon would have been win -win situation for both corporations Now I will discuss both parts in detail
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| Abstract This document is concerned with the relationship between the financial crisis and fair value accounting. Its purpose is to make an understanding of the strengths and limitations of fair value accounting. The report also gives some examples of fair value accounting measures used in several Australian companies. In this report‚ City Weat Water LTD and JB HI-FI LTD are used to explain that. Introduction With the modern transportation and communication technology development‚ in the industrial
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ABC Inc. has put together an education expense reimbursement program for qualifying employees. By signing this agreement‚ you agree to the terms and conditions of the program. As part of the education expense reimbursement program ABC Inc. agrees to give (Employee Name) $75 towards student loans for every 40hours worked and an additional $500 for every 6 months of employment if (Employee Name) stays within good standings in the company and school. (Employee Name) Agrees to the conditions below
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* * 1. Find the future value of $10‚000 invested now after five years if the annual interest rate is 8 percent. * * a. What would be the future value if the interest rate is a simple interest rate? * * * * * * b. What would be the future value if the interest rate is a compound interest rate? * 2. Find the present value of $7‚000 to be received one year from now assuming a 3 percent annual discount interest rate. Also
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perpetual bond is currently selling for RS. 95/-. The coupon rate of interest is 13.5%. The approximate discount rate is 15%. The value of the bond and the YTM is: (a) Rs. 90/- and 14.2% Value is (13.5*15%=90) and YTM is ((13.5/95)*100=14.21%) (b) Rs. 100/- and 13.5% (c) Rs. 90 and 15% (d) Rs. 90/- and 13.5% 902. In 2001‚ Meridian Ltd. has issued bonds of Rs. 10‚000/-each due in 2011 with a 14% per annum coupon rate payable at the end of each year during the life of the bond. If the required
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Vol. 3‚ No. 4; 2012 Market Value of the Firm‚ Market Value of Equity‚ Return Rate on Capital and the Optimal Capital Structure Chao Chiung Ting Michigan State University‚ USA E-mail: tingtch7ti@aol.com Received: September 4‚ 2012 doi:10.5430/ijfr.v3n4p1 Abstract The firm should pursue both maximum return rate on capital and maximum return rate on equity simultaneously. Maximum return rate on capital is the primary goal for firms because maximum return rate on capital guarantees efficiency. Therefore
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