Undergraduate Questions (50 Pts) 1. (4 pts) A chemist working in a pharmaceutical lab synthesized a new drug as a racemic mixture. Why is it important that she separates the two enantiomers and test each for its biological activity? 2. (6 pts) Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) has three dissociable protons‚ with the pKa’s shown below. Which form of phosphoric acid predominates in a solution at pH 4? Explain your answer. Acid pKa H3PO4 2.14
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Carbohydrate Loading There are many threats to an athlete during physical endurance competition whether it is a marathon or the decathlon. The most common forms of these threats include hypoglycaemia‚ fatigue‚ and loss of morale (which is usually caused by hypoglycaemia and fatigue). There is one connection that can be made between these threats and that is that all are caused one way or another through the lack of carbohydrates (Peterson). The most common way to combat these threats
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Carbohydrate Metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism starts with digestion in the small intestines. This is the site where monosaccharides are absorbed into the blood stream. This type of metabolism is basically considered to be glucose metabolism because carbohydrates are eventually broken down into glucose so that it can diffuse into the blood stream. There are three hormones in the body that control the concentration on glucose in the body: Insulin‚ glucagon‚ and epinephrine. If sugars are too
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Nutrition Research Task – Year 10 Pass Carbohydrate loading is a strategy involving changes to training and nutrition that can maximise muscle glycogen stores prior to endurance competition. The technique was originally developed in the late 1960’s and typically involved a 3-4 day ’depletion phase’ involving 3-4 days of hard training plus a low carbohydrate diet. This depletion phase was thought to be necessary to stimulate the enzyme glycogen synthase. This was then followed immediately by
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energy from the seed is gone. Carbon Dioxide needs to be present for photosynthesis to happen. In lab 7.2‚ we put an elodea in one test tube‚ and nothing in the other. We blew into the BTB until it turned a yellow/green color‚ which meant it had carbon dioxide in it. We filled both
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are four groups of macromolecules which are carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ proteins and nucleic acid. They are mostly made up of hydrogen‚ carbon‚ oxygen‚ nitrogen‚ sulphur and phosphorus. 1. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are organic compounds that with the combination of carbon‚ hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. Carbohydrates can be separated into three groups‚ monosaccharide‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides. Monosaccharide is the monomer of carbohydrates which contain hydroxyl group‚ such as glucose
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Lab Instructor: Ms. Sadia Jabeen Lab Protocol # CARBOHYDRATE ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION: * Organic compounds are the major components of cells and tissues. They provide energy for life processes‚ participate in and regulate metabolic reactions‚ and transmit information. * Organic macromolecules in living organisms can be classified as carbohydrates‚ proteins
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Fermentation of Carbohydrates: Ethanol from Sucrose Objective: To demonstrate a fermentation process‚ isolate the ethanol produced by fractional distillation‚ determine the composition of the ethanol solution recovered‚ and make stoichiometric and yield calculations. Procedures: Fermentation Weigh out 20.0 g of sucrose and place it into a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask. Add 100 mL of water and gently shake until all the sucrose has dissolved. To this solution add 0.60 g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
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to these substances to give them a better taste. 6. Which food substances contained starch? Are these results expected? Explain. The potato contained starch. This was expected because I know a medium sized potato can contain up to 30 grams of carbohydrates. 7. Which substances contained protein? Are these results expected or not? Explain. The chicken and the eggs contained protein. This was expected
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Title: Benedict ’s test for Reducing Sugars Testable Question: Are all carbohydrates reducing sugars? Hypothesis: If the carbohydrate contains available ketone or aldehyde molecules then they are reducing sugars. Variables: a. Independent: Function groups react w/ reagent b. Dependent: Color change (red‚ orange‚ yellow) Control: Water Materials: - 4 mL of each solution (Water‚ Starch‚ Glucose‚ Maltose‚ Sucrose‚ Onion Juice‚ Potato slice‚ Milk) - 8 test tubes
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