Vidallon‚ Mark Louis P. Date Performed: February 20‚ 2012 CHEM44.1 2L Date Submitted: March 12‚ 2012 MIXED-ALDOL CONDENSATION Synthesis of Cinnamaldehyde I. Introduction Cinnamaldehyde‚ cinnamic aldehyde or 3-phenyl-2-propenal is the major constituent of cinnamon oil‚ extracted from several species of Cinnamomum (C. verum‚ C. burmanii‚ C. cassia)‚ under the family Lauraceae‚ a group of evergreen trees. Cinnamon bark (particularly C. verum) yields 0.4-0.8% oil‚ which contains 60-80% cinnamaldehyde
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5.3.7 Effect of carbon supplements Supplementation of sugars‚ which may act either as carbon sources or inducers‚greatly affect the growth of microorganism. In case of CMCase‚out of the supplemented sugars‚glucose‚sucrose‚maltose‚lactose‚wheatbran and CMC‚ wheat bran show maximum increase in enzyme production. On addition of glucose‚ maltose‚ lactose‚wheat bran and xylan‚ the maltose resulted in an increment in xylanase production (24.96 IU/ml) by SmF. An induction in the enzyme production/activity
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orderly arrangement of atoms * Layers of atoms cannot slide over each other easily Reactivity of Metals Metals | Reaction with oxygen | Reaction with water | Reaction with steam | Reaction with dilute acid | Reduction of oxides by carbon / carbon monoxide | Reduction of oxides by hydrogen | K | Forms oxides and peroxides | Violent‚ metal darts on surface of water‚ hissing sound‚ sparks formed; Metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas formed. | Very Violent reaction | Very Violent | No reaction (Metals
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Unlike phrenology however‚ real “scientific evidence” is used to authenticate this website’s premise that dihydrogen monoxide is “the silent killer”. The viewer of the webpage does not need to be very stealth in determining the validity of the webpage as the producer clearly indicates Note: content veracity not implied Authorship The page was produced by the apparent Dihydrogen Monoxide Research Division said to be located in Newark‚ Delaware The author of the page is Tom Way; the website itself does
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percentage of ‘natural gas’ and is a large contributor to global warming as it is a greenhouse gas and is flammable so is used as a fuel. Methane is a product of the covalent bonding of carbon and hydrogen. Products of the combustion of methane include carbon dioxide‚ water‚ soot and carbon monoxide. Soot and carbon monoxide are produced during the incomplete combustion of methane. Methane is combusted to generate energy in power plants‚ the formula for the combustion of methane is CH4 + 2O2
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substitution reactions of benzene; predict the directive influence of substituents in monosubstituted benzene ring; learn about carcinogenicity and toxicity. • • • • • • • The term ‘hydrocarbon’ is self-explanatory which means compounds of carbon and hydrogen only. Hydrocarbons play a key role in our daily life. You must be familiar with the terms ‘LPG’ and ‘CNG’ used as fuels. LPG is the abbreviated form of liquified petroleum gas whereas CNG stands for compressed natural gas. Another term
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Market Failure and Carbon Prices Climate change has become an issue of global discussion and it is the result of market failure. The effects of the increasing volume of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases on the global temperature have become a major environmental issue throughout the world. Carbon emissions worldwide need to be reduced in order to avoid serious climate change. To encourage companies to invest in cleaner technology and reduce carbon emissions‚ the government has to attach a cost
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Where to Begin: the Chicken or the Egg? White‚ round‚ smooth are picturesque descriptions of an egg. An egg has a simple exterior that is easy to describe. However‚ this simple egg has a complex ecological footprint that contributes to the destruction of our planet‚ people‚ and prosperity. Eggs are essential to every dimension of the earth. An egg is a nutritious source protein and vitamins‚ triggering the performance of health maintenance in humans. Not only are eggs an exceptional source of
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Sean Byrne Teacher Biology Honors 13 August 2014 Unit 1 Chapter 3 1) a. Monomers are small‚ simple molecules that when put together create carbon compounds‚ and polymers are molecules that consist of repeated units. b. Functional groups are made of clusters of atoms‚ while macromolecules are large polymers. c. A monosaccharide is a simple sugar‚ but a disaccharide is known as a double sugar‚ or two monosaccharaides. d. Long chains of amino acids are called polypeptides‚ and proteins are composed
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the presence of double bond.Both hydrocarbons produce carbon dioxide and water during combustion test. When the oxygen is limited‚ the product will be carbon monoxide and water. The alkenes are highly flammable and burn readily in air‚ forming carbon dioxide and water. In this experiment‚ the combustion of cyclohexene burns in an orange flame and produces relatively high amount of black soot. The black soot produced is actually carbon monoxide. Cyclohexane is a saturated hydrocarbon and cyclohexene
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