defined by a carbon double bound to an oxygen (different than an aldehyde because it can only be found in the inside of a molecular chain- the carbon does not have to be attached to a hydrogen). Ketones‚ aldehydes‚ and carboxylic acids contain the carbonyl functional group: C double bound to O. Alkyl Halide: haloalkane‚ replace X in the drawing with a halogen from the periodic table; when drawing a haloalkane be sure to not forget the lone pairs on X (there are three below) :O: X C C
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Topic Acid-Base Theory (Unit 1) Acid-Base Theory (Unit 2) Isomerism (Unit 1) Isomerism (Unit 2) Nomenclature Reaction Mechanism (Unit 1) - Introduction to Mechanism Reaction Mechanism (Unit 2) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 3) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 4) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 5) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 6) - Nucleophilic substitution Reaction Mechanism (Unit 7) - Elimination Reaction Mechanism
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these two forms. When the hemi-acetal or ketal hydroxylgroup is free‚ it is not locked‚ not linked to another (sugar)molecule‚ the aldehyde (or keto-) form (i.e. the chain-form) is available for reducing copper (II) ions. When a sugar is oxidized its carbonyl group (i.e. aldehyde or ketone group) is converted to a carboxyl
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Diels-Alder reactions d. Reduction of aldehydes and reagents used for that reaction. e. Fischer esterification including identification of nucleophile‚ catalyst‚ and leaving group. f. Reaction of acid chlorides to produce alcohols. g. Reaction of carbonyl compounds with amines to produce amides including identification of nucleophile‚ catalyst‚ and leaving group. 3. Identify the order of acidity in substituted benzoic acids. 4. Identify the order of reactivity of derivatives of carboxylic acids
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single synthetic step‚ not counting any workups. 3. Reactions of Amines (15 points). Draw the organic products of the following reactions. Indicate stereochemistry where appropriate. A reasonable answer may be “ No Reaction.” 4. Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds (15 points) Draw the organic products of the following reactions. Indicate stereochemistry where appropriate. A reasonable answer may be “ No Reaction.: 5. Reaction Mechanisms (20 points‚ maximum). Draw reasonable mechanisms for the
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Experiment: Preparation and Identification of Dibenzylidene Acetone Purpose: Prepare dibenzylidene acetone by the famous Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. Learn the experimental skills of organic synthesis‚ separation‚ purification‚ structural characterization by instrumental analysis. Train the ability to solve the practical problems. Principle: Aromatic aldehydes can have aldol reaction with aldehydes or ketones which have α-hydrogen atoms‚ dehydrate to form high yield of α‚β-unsaturated
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A Diels-Alder reaction was performed in this experiment. Which is a reaction that was discovered by Otto Diels and Kurt Alder. This particular type of reaction is the concerted cycloaddition among a dienophile and a diene. The Diels-Alder reaction allows for the synthesis of stereospecific rings in an efficient manner. This reaction proceed in a single step method‚ otherwise known as Nucleophilic Substitution in the second order (SN2). The Diels-Alder reaction is categorized as a pericyclic reaction
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TUTORIAL 1: STK1503 BENZENE AND AROMATIC 1. Draw structures corresponding to the names given. a. m-fluoronitrobenzene b. p o-chlorophenol c. o-chlorophenol d. 3‚5-dimethylbenzoic acid e. 1-phenyl-3-methylpentane 2. Provide correct IUPAC names for each of the following compounds. a. NO2 CH3 b. c. CH3 d. NH2 H2N CH3 e. Ph C H3 C C CH2CH2CH3 Ph 3. For each molecule below‚ predict whether the molecule would be expected to show aromatic character or not. Explain your answer
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Introduction: For this lab‚ the main focused involved alkanes and hydrocarbons. Essentially‚ the free-radical chain of chlorination of 1-Chlorobutne. Free radical-chains occur because alkanes are chemically unreactive with most agents. However‚ the free-radical chain allows a pathway of certain functional groups like alkyl chloride or bromides. In addition‚ chlorine atoms can possibly be made from molecular chlorine under low to mild conditions with the usage of a catalytic amount of an initiator
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Name: Professor`s name: Course number: Date: Metabolic Pathways of Drugs The principal site for drug metabolism in the human body is the liver organ. The process of metabolism usually inactivates drugs though some drug metabolites are pharmacologically in active status. Inactive substance which has a metabolite that is active is referred to as a prodrug. Drugs are metabolized
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