phonological rules in English and one example of a phonological rule in Japanese will be used to illustrate how phonological rules are used. These phonological rules include‚ the rules of aspiration‚ nasalization and the devoicing of Japanese high vowels /i/ and /u/. First‚ the aspiration rule affects the phonemes /p/‚ /t/ and /k/. When these occur at the beginning of a stressed syllable‚ they are produced with a small puff of air. So‚ the rule for aspiration can be stated as follows: Voiceless
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no velic closure and air may go through the nose‚ as in English [m] in "my." Nasals resemble vowels on a spectrogram because they are both sonorants. A key to telling nasals and vowels apart is that nasals have a wider first formant band. Lateral - An articulation in which the airstream flows over the sides of the tongue‚ as in English [l] in "leaf." Laterals also resmemble nasals and vowels on a spectrogram. Tap - A rapid movement of the tongue tip upwards to contact the roof of the
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5. Theory of “ Arc loudness” 1.6. N. I. Zhinkin`s investigations Chapter 2: The peculiarities of English syllable structure 2.1. Features of the syllabic structure 2.2. Initial combination of two vowel with vowel 2.3. The final consonants and their combination in the word 2.4. The syllable division and formation Chapter 3: “The functional of Syllable” 3.1. Constitutive function 3.1.The differentiatory
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1. THE GERM. LANGUAGES IN THE MOD. WORLD Languages can be classified acc. to different principles. The historical classification groups lang-s in accordance with their origin from a common linguistic ancestor. English belongs to the Germanic or Teutonic group of lang-s. The modern GL are 11 in number. They all go to ProtoGermanic. And protogerm. goes to the Indoeuropean tongues. The GL fall into: 1. East Germanic (The Gothic Lang.) – nowadays all of them are dead‚ 2. North Germanic : Swedish –
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Action Reading Let’s Get Started Denise Kersey February 14th‚ 2011 EDU371 Phonics Based Reading and Decoding Instructor: Therese Schultz-Nourse Action Reading Let’s Get Started Action reading FUNdamentals is a phonics-based program designed to assist an instructor with effective methods of reading instruction. The intention of this program was to allow students or adults a way to enhance their skills of reading. The idea behind this program is to help develop a love of reading. This course
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statements are true or false. (10) I. Phonology is a study of the word pattern of a language ans) False II. According to the British R.P‚ there are 8 pure vowels and 12 dipthongs ans) False III. A diphthong is a combination of any two vowels produced one after the other ans) True IV. There are only two semi-vowels in English ans) True V. There are only two nasal-consonants in English ans) False VI. An English word can have only one syllable ans) False VII. We normally
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The Middle English Period (1100-1500) Middle English (ME) was the dominant and traditional spoken language form in many parts of England during the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages are so called as the middle period between the decline of the Roman Empire and prior to the period called the Renaissance. Brief History of the Middle English The Norman Conquest The period of Middle English begins with the Norman invasion of 1066 CE. The Norman Conquest was a pivotal event in English history
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I. INTRODUCTION In a successful communication‚ anyone taking part in the communication has to understand what their partner speaks. That a speaker mispronounces a word is likely to cause difficulties for other people to comprehend the message he wants to express. Clearly‚ a proper pronunciation can never inhibit successful communication. Particularly in the context of learning English as a second or foreign language (ESL/EFL)‚ native – like pronunciation surely helps the native people understand
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Spanish words of more than one syllable contain a stressed vowel‚ the accent mark is not always necessary. This is because the majority of words follow the same tendencies (that is to say that they are normal). Thanks to this‚ it is easy for Spanish speakers to know which syllable to stress. Here are two simple rules that tell you which syllable to stress when the word does NOT carry an acento ortográfico. -If a Spanish word ends in a vowel (a‚ e‚ i‚ o‚ u) or in the consonants n or s‚ the syllable
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another. Personification: When non-living things‚ objects and concepts are given human characteristics. Alliteration: Repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of several words in close succession. Assonance: Repetition of the same vowel sound in a sentence to create internal rhyming. Onomatopoeia: Words that imitate or suggest the sound that they are describing (Bang‚ splash‚ pop‚ whoosh‚ etc). …and remember to also look for: Elements of Voice: Volume‚ pitch‚ tone‚ pace‚ pause
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