The Role of Beta-Blockers in the Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure In 1988 Sir James Whyte Black was honored with a Nobel Prize for medicine for his efforts in the discovery of the beta blocker propanolol and the histamine receptor agonist cimetidine. Beta blockers were originally developed to treat angina pectoris but were discovered to also treat hypertension‚ tachycardia‚ an myocardial infarctions. The discovery of propanolol was said to be the greatest discovery since digitalis. The mechanism
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Heart Failure Heart failure (HF)‚ often called congestive heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF)‚ occurs when the heart is unable to provide sufficient pump action to distribute blood flow to meet the needs of the body. Heart failure can cause a number of symptoms including shortness of breath‚ leg swelling‚ and exercise intolerance. The condition is diagnosed with echocardiography and blood tests. Treatment commonly consists of: lifestyle measures such as smoking cessation
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Discussion Heart Rate Our hypothesis stated 1.) The heart rate increases substantially when a person performs a physical activity and 2.) Females have heart rates greater than males’. In this experiment we measured the resting heart rates and exercise heart rates of both the male and females that are in the class. We calculated the results that were taken by each member of each group in the class (6 males and 16 females total). The average resting heart rate for women was 71.8 beats per minute
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Heart Failure is a disease state caused by a dysfunction or structural deviation in the cardiac system that inhibits the heart’s ventricles from filling and ejecting blood in its fullest capacity. When the heart’s ability to effectively pump blood decreases it lacks the ability to meet the need for blood in all other areas of the body. 1-3 Heart failure is considered a progressive condition that originates from a cardiovascular event that damages the function of the heart to contract and relax.1
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Open-heart surgery is the broad term to define the need to make an incision in the chest to correct and fix abnormalities affecting heart production. The most common type of heart surgery: Coronary artery bypass grafting which improves the blood flow to the heart (Types of Heart Surgery NHLBI‚ 2013). The procedure involves using a healthy artery or vein from the body and connecting/grafting‚ to the blocked coronary artery. The grafted artery or vein bypasses the blocked portion‚ creating a new path
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Anna Garcia died of splenic sequestration crisis. Splenic sequestration can cause death within 1-2 hours of the rupturing of the spleen since it causes circulatory failure. She displayed commons symptoms of splenic sequestration such as an increased heart rate‚ pale lips and nails‚ fast breathing‚ excessive thirst and a distended stomach caused by an enlarged spleen. The increased heart rate was caused by high blood pressure and blocked arteries. The high blood pressure was caused by blocked arteries
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Non-cardiogenic shock is caused by a circulatory collapse in the body that is not due to problems originating in the heart. Shock is commonly caused by hypo-perfusion though the blood vessels due to lack of blood in the vessels causing low blood pressure and rapid heartbeat. Besides cardiogenic shock‚ there are three other types that cause shock for non-cardiogenic reasons‚ obstructive shock‚ disruptive shock‚ and hypovolemic shock. Obstructive shock results from an obstruction that prevents blood
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Syncope Syncope is one of the number one dental office emergencies. Syncope is when the patient becomes unconscious. This normally occurs due to anxiety or fear for the situation around them. There are three different types of syncope‚ including cardiac‚ non-cardiac‚ and neurocardiac. There is three stages of syncope‚ which are‚ pre-syncope‚ syncope‚ and recovery. There are many signs and symptoms for each stage of syncope. No matter the type of syncopal episode there is one way to go about treating
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Question 8 A 6 lb 2 oz full term baby boy has just been delivered in the maternity ward. He is noted to be tachypneic and when he cries his lips are noted to be blue. His extremities are also noted to be blue in colour. He is referred to a paediatric cardiologist for further investigation. A echocardiogram ordered. It is observed that the ventriculoarterial connections leaving the heart are not accurate and happen to interchanged. What additional heart anomaly is the cardiologist likely to find
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CVP and its normal waveform1 - 2 : It is a technique used to measure existing pressure at the junction on CVC and the right atrium. To measure the pressure they used the central venous catheter that inserted on right jugular vein. This technique used for evaluation the cardiac function in ill patients. In addition‚ it can used for diagnosis purposes such as heart failure and fluid resuscitation. The relationship between cardiac function and venous return used for determination of heart failure
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