Materials Used In Pacemakers Image result for what is a pacemakerThe way how a pacemaker is constructed is very crucial to how it would function later. The materials used to construct pacemakers must be non-toxic‚ sterilisable and able to function in the environmental conditions of the body. Some of the fundamental parts of the pacemaker such as the casing‚ battery‚ circuitry and the leads are all made with biocompatible materials or non-toxic materials. Usually‚ the casing along with the lead is
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Aging and Congestive Heart Failure Rebecca E. Welch What Is Congestive Heart Failure? Congestive Heart Failure‚ also known as CHF‚ is a chronic condition that affects the chambers of your heart. You have four chambers: two atria in the upper half of the heart and two ventricles in the lower half. The ventricles send blood to your organs and tissue and the atria receives the blood as it circulates back from the rest of the body. CHF develops when your ventricles cannot pump in sufficient volume
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The Patient with Heart Failuure 74-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital with heart failure. She had been growing progressively weaker and had ankle edema‚ dyspnea on exertion‚ and three-pillow orthopnea. On admission‚ she is severely dyspneic and can answer questions only with one-word phrases. She is diaphoretic‚ with a heart rate of 132 beats/min‚ and blood pressure 98/70 mm Hg. She is extremely anxious. 1. Because this patient cannot breathe or talk easily‚ prioritize the immediate nursing
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Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is associated with high rates of limb loss due to amputation; usually within six month of the presentation of symptoms. CLI presents as the result of a chronic total occlusion (CTO) which can lead to lower revascularization rates. A clear majority of patient with CLI present with symptoms of ischemic rest pain‚ lifestyle-limiting claudication or CLI with tissue loss. PCI in the Cath Lab is a favored minimally invasive approach to address CTOs. However‚ this procedure
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Congested Heart Failure (adapted from McGraw Hill Case Studies) Chief Complaint: 74-year-old woman with shortness of breath and swelling. History: Martha Wilmington‚ a 74-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic fever while in her twenties‚ presented to her physician with complaints of increasing shortness of breath ("dyspnea") upon exertion. She also noted that the typical swelling she’s had in her ankles for years has started to get worse over the past two months‚ making it especially
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Coronary Heart Disease is a cardiovascular disease which is the leading cause of death in high income countries and causes more than 73‚000 deaths in the UK each year. Approximately 1 in 10 women and 1 in 6 men die from CHD‚ although the chances become similar from the age of fifty. (Nhs.uk‚ 2016) CHD is caused by a gradual build up of fatty material called Atheroma within the walls of the coronary arteries‚ which supply the heart with oxygen rich blood. This causes the arteries to become narrow
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The aging process can be explained using theories‚ such as the modern biological theories which can be categorized into programmed theories or damage and error theories‚ both consisting of sub-categories (Jin‚ 2010). For both Mr. S and Mrs. M biological timetable and the environment insults could have resulted in their current conditions and have played roles in their aging process. According to the programmed theory‚ aging depends on one’s biological clock (Jin‚ 2010). As a sub-category of the programmed
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Writing III – Acid-Base Balance Congestive heart failure (CHF) is caused by the inability of the heart to fill correctly‚ eject blood completely‚ or a combination of the two‚ which results in a decrease in cardiac output. Chronic hypertension (CH) is a constantly elevated blood pressure. Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) causes a restriction in blood circulation due to atherosclerosis‚ fatty deposits on the inner linings of the arteries that cause a blockage of blood flow; arteriosclerosis‚ loss
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Evidence-based Recommendations In the actual treatment plan of the case study‚ amiodarone was ordered. I was curious about why digoxin was not used in this case. I did research and found a randomized clinical trial published 3 months ago studied on whether amiodarone is more effective than digoxin in AF rate control. Participants were randomized into amiodarone or digoxin treatment groups. The results indicated that in AF patients with contraindications for beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers
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Chest pain or pressure that patients feel is commonly called angina. This usually occurs as a symptom of a problem with the heart and its blood supply. There are two types of angina called stable and unstable. Stable angina is where a person is feeling pain‚ chest pressure‚ or radiant pain in left arm and back with exertion. The more serious type is unstable angina‚ which means having those symptoms even at rest. There is a system of arteries that supply oxygen rich blood to the myocardium‚ or heart
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