(∑x)2 n n-1 = 15.1142 g – (45.0174 g/3) = 0.0542 2 Standard Deviation of Ash: s= √s2 =√0.0542 =0.2328 DISCUSSION: Ash is the inorganic residue remaining after the water and organic matter have been removed by heating in the presence of oxidizing agents‚ which provides a measure of the total amount of minerals within a food. Analytical techniques for providing information about the total mineral content are based on the fact
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1. An organic compound X with a molecular formula C2H6O undergoes oxidation with in presence of alkaline KMnO4 to form a compound Y. X on heating in presence of Conc. H2SO4 at 443K gives Z. Which on reaction with H2Oin presence of H2SO4 gives back `X` `Z` reacts with Br2 (aq) and decolorizes it. Identify X‚ Y‚ & Z and write the reactions involved. 2. An organic compound ‘A’ is widely used as a preservative in pickles and has a molecular formula C2H2O2. This compound reacts with ethanol to
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electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. This experiment demonstrates an electrophilic aromatic substitution. Main Reactions: Side reaction: Procedure: D. L. Pavia‚ G. M. Lampman‚ G. S. Kriz‚ and R. G. Engel “A Microscale Approach to Organic Laboratory Techniques‚ 3rd Ed.” (2013) Brooks/Cole‚ pp. 338-342. Separation Scheme: Calculations: Methyl Benzoate: Limiting Reagent Theoretical yield: 3.05 g 1 mol MB 1 mol product 181 g product = 4.06 g product 136
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process didn’t help to separate any layers‚ just made the product look turbid. Due to this I added a couple drops of water that helped the product to separate its layers. Conclusion: SN2 reactions are substitution reactions that are performed in organic labs. In this experiment 1-butanol was converted into 1-bromobutane by an SN2 reaction. The ending result of the experiment was to test if the product was correct by using a flame test that colorizes the product. The flame test turned green which
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Infrared Spectroscopy Aim: To obtain IR spectra of know solid sample and liquid sample using the following sample preparing technique: Prepare solid IR sample using Solid Pellet Samplin Technique Use IR is used to identify functional groups. 5 major functional groups easily identified by IR spectroscopy: 1. C=O 2. C–O 3. OH 4. Phenols 5. C–H Instrument details Type of spectrophotometer: Nicolet 380 FT-IR spectroscopy‚ Nicolet Avatar 360 & Thermo Scientific iS10 FT-IR Spectrometer
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Writing an Organic Chemistry Lab Report Components of a Laboratory Notebook The following components should be contained for each experiment‚ along with any additional material required by your instructor. • Title and date • Introduction (purpose‚ reaction) • Physical data (including calculations) • Procedure outline • Data and observations • Discussion of results (conclusions) Prelab Title and Date Give the title of the experiment and the date on which
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Prospect Introduction A. Background of the study A plastic is a type of synthetic or man-made polymer; similar in many ways to natural resins found in trees and other plants. Webster’s Dictionary defines polymers as: any of various complex organic compounds produced by polymerization‚ capable of being molded‚ extruded‚ cast into various shapes and films‚ or drawn into filaments and then used as textile fibers. Plastics are durable that is why most of the stuffs we see nowadays are made from
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very poisonous‚ and can cause burns. Eyes‚ skin and nose should be protected while carrying the bromine inside the hood. Glacial acid is also a very corrosive compound and can cause severe burns when it’s reacting with aromatic compounds. Also‚ the organic waste was disposed in the halogenated waste container. Procedure: In a reaction tube‚ 0.05 g of acetanilide is added and the exact mass is recorded. In the same reaction tube‚ 8 drops of glacial acid is added carefully inside the hood‚ and stirred
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IS PLASTIC BAD FOR THE ENVIRINMENT? A plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solids that are moldable. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass‚ but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic‚ most commonly derived from petrochemicals‚ but many are partially natural. Whether you are aware of it or not‚ plastics play an important part in your life. Plastics’ versatility allow it to be used in everything from car
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1. Predict the molecular formula of an alkane with 13 carbon atoms. .................................................................................................................................. [Total 1 mark] 2. Bromobutane‚ CH3CH2CH2CH2Br‚ can be reacted with hot aqueous sodium hydroxide to prepare butan-1-ol. CH3CH2CH2CH2Br + OH– → CH3CH2CH2CH2OH + Br– A student reacted 8.72 g of bromobutane with an excess of OH–. The student produced 4.28 g of butan-1-ol. (i) Calculate the amount
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