Semester Project Part 1 – Structural Failure Cm 220 – Introduction to Structural Design Due Date 10/03/05 On January 18‚ 1978‚ just four years after completion‚ the space frame roof of the Hartford Civic Center came crashing down 83 feet to the floor after a snowstorm. The majority of the blame for this disaster was placed squarely on the shoulders of the design engineers and architects who overlooked vital miscalculations and failed to fix design flaws when they started to appear. (Kaminetzky
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Being able to understand Carpers four fundamental ways of knowing makes it possible for nurses to increase their knowledge (Heath‚ 1998). To be able to gain knowledge learning must be done. Gardner introduced multiple intelligences that are used today for learning and teaching (Zander). For nurses to be able to practice‚ they need knowledge‚ which is gained by learning (Berragan‚ 1998). In 1978‚ Carper introduced four ways of knowing‚ which have since been used to structure nursing education
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multiple influences of medicine‚ technology‚ politics‚ war‚ economics and feminism (Jacobs & Huether 1978‚ Keller 1979‚ Brooks & Kleine-Kracht 1983‚ Gorenberg 1983‚ Perry 1985‚ Kidd & Morrison 1988‚ Lynaugh & Fagin 1988). Despite a growing consensus on a nursing paradigm‚ the definition of nursing as a discipline remains ambiguous (Hardy 1978‚ Jacobs & Huether 1978‚ Meleis 1987‚ Northrup 1992). Hardy (1978) believes dissent is characteristic of nursing ’s preparadigmatic stage of scientific development
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entirety. The aim of the present study was to review the literature about the Knowing the Patient for Professional Practice‚ according to the Carper’s Patterns of Knowing. Method and material: In this paper the four patterns of knowing according to Carper will be analysed. According to these patterns‚ a description of the meaning and strategies of " knowing the patient will be made. Finally the significance and value of it will be discussed‚ with specific referance to: skilled clinical judgement
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Knowledge about the environment of care such as safety‚ policy and evidence based practice in the delivery of care to the patient. Nursing knowledge is to be capable to promote health and care for the sick or health dependent people. According to Carper (1978) “the process of knowing encompasses of empiric‚ aesthetic ethic and Aesthetic and personal knowing. Empiric knowledge always was in place when there was a need of learning‚ but the problem with empiric knowledge is‚ people are observing without
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take “congruent action towards developing increased effectiveness within the context of what is understood as desirable practice.” (Johns 1995‚ p 226). The model for reflection that will be employed will be John’s model‚ this model uses Carper’s (1978) four patterns of knowing; aesthetics‚ personal‚ ethics and empirics adding a fifth pattern ‘reflexivity’. This reflective essay will critically evaluate the management of Mr. Cox during his 30 day stay as a patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ITU)
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Explain the various patterns of knowing as they influence theory construction or development in nursing: In 1978‚ Barbara Carper identified four types of knowing in nursing. The first type is called empiric knowing and represents knowledge that is verifiable‚ objective‚ factual‚ and research based. The second type called ethical knowing provides us with knowledge that is about what is right and wrong and what are good and bad‚ desirable and undesirable. The third type of knowing is labelled aesthetic
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Summative Communication & Cultural Safety Reflection | | | Following an adaption of Johns’ model of structured reflection (Jasper‚ 2003)‚ I will discuss an event that occurred during my residential placement as a nursing student‚ what I have learnt and how I would act if the situation arose again. Lastly‚ I will discuss what I have learnt in relation to the Nursing Council of New Zealand competencies for cultural safety and communication. Description
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The Use of Ways of Knowing in a Clinical Scenario Fabiola Benoit Saint Joseph’s College Abstract The use of ways of knowing is assumed to be a valid and necessary strategy in providing adequate care in the nursing field. Carper has developed four ways of knowing that has become essential in a nurses every day practice. Carper’s four fundamental patterns of knowing are defined as empirical‚ ethical‚ personal and aesthetic. Empirical knowledge is defined as the science of nursing. Aesthetic knowledge
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were subdivided into four segments empirical‚ aesthetic‚ personal‚ and ethical (Carper‚1978). To implement the four ways of knowing in this topic of review‚ the significance of each can be elaborated. Empirical way of knowing is demonstrated by nursing literature in researching and learning techniques and procedures to better their scope of practice and to raise questions on improving the health care system. (Carper‚ 1987). In terms of Aesthetic‚ this study shows that nurses should further understand
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