COST ANALYSIS OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION MEANING DEFINITIONS TYPES OF COSTS MONETARY COSTS REAL COSTS OPPORTUNITY COSTS ECONOMIC COSTS ACCOUNTING COSTS INCREMENTAL COSTS SUNK COSTS FUTURE COSTS PRIVATE‚ EXTERNAL AND SOCIAL COSTS FIXED / SUPPLEMENTARY / OVERHEAD COSTS VARIABLE / PRIME COSTS REPLACEMENT COSTS PRODUCTION COSTS SELLING COSTS CONTROLLABLE COSTS DIRECT COSTS INDIRECT COSTS SHORT RUN COSTS CURVES LONG RUN COSTS CURVES OBJECTIVES To understand the meaning of cost. To discuss different types
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Definition of ’Human Capital’ A measure of the economic value of an employee’s skill set. This measure builds on the basic production input of labor measure where all labor is thought to be equal. The concept of human capital recognizes that not all labor is equal and that the quality of employees can be improved by investing in them. The education‚ experience and abilities of an employee have an economic value for employers and for the economy as a whole. Read more: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/humancapital
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Capital budgeting Capital budgeting describes the long-term longplanning for making and financing major long-term projects. long- CAPITAL BUDGETING 1. Identify potential investments. 2. Choose an investment. 3. Follow-up or “post audit.” Follow“post audit.” Net present value model Net present value model The net-present-value (NPV) method net-presentcomputes the present value of all expected future cash flows using a minimum desired rate of return. The minimum desired rate of
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understanding about cost accounting. This paper will discuss: Why is cost accounting so important to the success of the firm; what are the various methods of cost accounting and how are they used; how does an operating budget work to discipline a firm’s management; what are the elements of a budget; how are budgets constructed; what is variance analysis and how it is used. Cost accounting can be described as the process of accumulating‚ measuring‚ analyzing‚ interpreting and reporting cost information
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qualifying activities can claim capital allowances on its qualifying expenditure on plant and machinery. Qualifying expenditure is capital expenditure on items of plant and machinery‚ this includes expenditure on the alteration of land for the purpose only of installing plant or machinery. Expenditure which does not qualify for allowances Expenditure on buildings‚ structures and land‚ as well as expenditure on certain assets which are incorporated into buildings do not qualify for capital allowances.
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HUMAN CAPITAL INTRODUCTION: HUMAN BEINGS BRING KNOWLEDGE & ATTITUDE TO THEIR PLACE OF WORK KNOWLEDGE PROVIDES CAPABILITY ABILITY TO PERFORM CAPABILITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH CREATIVITY ABILITY WITH DOING [ACTION] BESIDES KNOWLEDGE‚ EXPERIENCE CAN ALSO BE THE SOURCE OF ABILITY THE SCOPE OF ABILITY BASED ON EXPERIENCE IS LIMITED HUMAN CAPITAL: IN PAST IT WAS HR; TODAY IT IS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL IS KNOWLEDGE + COMPETENCIES REQUIRED TO PERFORM TO PRODUCE ECONOMIC VALUE KNOWLEDGE SHOULD
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economics‚ capital goods‚ or real capital are those already-produced durable goods that are used in production of goods or services. The capital goods are not significantly consumed‚ though they may depreciate in the production process. Capital is distinct from land in that capital must itself be produced by human labor before it can be a factors because of production. At any moment in time‚ total physical capital may be referred to as the capital stock (which is not to be confused with the capital stock
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Capital Budgeting QRB/501 July 25‚ 2013 On this paper the reader will be able to find the rationale in the analysis of a specific capital budgeting case study. Definitions along with explanations related to capital budgeting such as Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Net Present Value (NPV) will be provided and debriefed. It is extremely relevant to mention that capital budgeting allows the companies to analyze one or more projects to decide eventually which project or piece of equipment
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Capital Leases vs. Operating Leases - What’s the Difference? Which One Should I Use for Equipment Leasing? Leasing equipment is a common alternative to purchase. Of the two kinds of leases - capital leases and operating leases - each is used for different purposes and results in differing treatment on the accounting books of a business. Capital Leases •Capital leases are used for long-term leases and for items that not become technologically obsolete‚ such as many kinds of machinery.
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something about which many people do not have a clear opinion. It is considered to be the punishment of execution‚ administered to someone convicted of a capital crime. Many people support the death penalty‚ while others wish for the death penalty to be abolished. My personal opinion on the death penalty is that it should be administered only in cases of certain crimes such as: serial murder‚ serial rape‚ and terrorism. Groups that support the death penalty often say that it deters criminals
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