differentiate them. India The concept of zero as a number and not merely a symbol for separation is attributed to India‚ where‚ by the 9th century AD‚ practical calculations were carried out using zero‚ which was treated like any other number‚ even in case of division.[9][10] The Indian scholar Pingala (circa 5th-2nd century BC) used binary numbers in the form of short and long syllables (the latter equal in length to two short syllables)‚ making it similar to Morse code.[11][12] He and his contemporary
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ASSIGNMENT 2: PRADA Refer to the HBS case "Prada: To IPO or Not to IPO" and answer the questions below. Note: Complete the related textbook chapters (RWJJ Chapters 14‚ 15 & 19) before attempting this case. WHAT IS THE PROBLEM SAID TO BE FACING PRADA? Prada got some financial trouble. First‚ Prada failed for several times to IPO due to various reasons like SARS‚ financial crisis‚ etc. Second‚ because of the long-term debt maturing in one year‚ Prada needed to raise more than 1 billion euros
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1. How would you evaluate the capital budgeting method used historically by AES? What’s good and bad about it? “When AES undertook primarily domestic contract generation projects where the risk of changes to input and output prices was minimal‚ a project finance framework was employed.” Usually‚ project finance framework is used when the project has predictable cash flows‚ which can easily represent operating targets through explicit contract. When cash flows are certainty‚ the company can have
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F523 - SPRING 2013 BOEING CASE 1. What is the appropriate required rate of return against which to evaluate the prospective IRR ’s from the B ANSWER:The appropriate rate of return against which to evaluate the IRR is the risk-free rate‚ plus the market risk 1a. Please use the capital asset pricing model to estimate the cost of equity. At the date of the case‚ the 74 over T-bonds. Which beta‚ risk-free rate‚ and risk premium did you use? Why? Financing Components Debt Equity Market Values Weight
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TO : L. Leclerc‚ COO of Levendary Café FROM : J. Doe Department of Management‚ International Business Advisors (IBA) Room G-120 Ext. 905-912-1867 DATE: November 21st‚ 2013 SUBJECT: Reframing Levendary China’s business operations Problem Several problems exists surrounding Levendary’s recent market entry into China‚ mainly revolving around a lack of communication between head office and Howard
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Business Feasibility Study— Seventh Heaven Café Executive summary Seventh Heaven Café is not only a coffee shop‚ or rather a place for relaxation. It sells different kinds of coffee‚ desserts‚ books and flowers. Customers bring them back or just enjoy them in my shop. Besides‚ I am good at dealing with problems of Organizational Behavior. I also have great expertise in human psychology and marketing. Therefore‚ I have the abilities to operate this shop. Seventh Heaven Café targets at white collar
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Introduction Cooper Industries‚ Inc. is a manufacturer of heavy machinery and equipment. It has acquired some companies in the past as part of their expansion plans. Cooper acquires companies that are leading in their area of business‚ have a large market share and is the leading company in their area of operation. Currently‚ Cooper is focusing on building a hand tool business with a full product line that would use a common sales and distribution system and joint advertising. In this effort‚ Cooper
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An expense is normally incurred by a firm to generate sales‚ e.g. promotional expenses which are selling expenses which are directly related to the generation of sales. Most of the expenses normally form a part of operating expenses and are included in ‘cost of sales’. It may either be raw materials‚ labor‚ etc.‚ or capitalized assets which are either depreciated or amortized over a period of time. These are known as matching costs. The other types of costs are ‘period costs’ which are mostly mentioned
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Demand Estimation Demand Curve Estimation ■ Simple Linear Demand Curves ■ The best estimation method balances marginal costs and marginal benefits. ■ Simple linear relations are useful for demand estimation. ■ Using Simple Linear Demand Curves ■ Straight-line relations give useful approximations. Identification Problem ■ Changing Nature of Demand Relations ■ Demand relations are dynamic. ■ Interplay of Supply and Demand ■ Economic
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MARKETING STRATEGY Ryanair case What is your assessment of Ryanair launch strategy? From my point of view‚ the strategy implemented by Ryanair was perfect because it is focused on capturing those passengers who have the price as the main criterion in choosing the mean of transport. There is a wide difference between the fare of the air companies with the ferry or rail giving rise to another variables‚ as comfort or no time‚ do not influence by the time of the decision-making. However‚ Ryanair
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