Cause of black money: 325 Black money is cash received from underground economic activity or black market on which tax is not been paid to the government. Black money in economic terms is regarded as unaccounted money or unrecorded gains. Rationing system: Black economy originated in India during World War II when India was facing acute shortage of daily necessities. This was the time government adopted rationing as a remedy measure to resolve the demand supply mismatch. By rationing government introduced
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POLICE DISCRETION There’s a difference between the ministration and administration of justice. Nobody (except mechanical jurisprudence theorists) wants a ministerial agency of justice‚ one that would ritually and religiously follow every rule and regulation down to the letter in a mechanistic‚ repetitive‚ assembly-line manner. Instead‚ we need responsible administers -- officials who show "good judgment" and exercise discretion by assessing the context of each and every situation. By definition
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Types of Corruption Found in Local Government There are several types of political corruption that occur in local government. Some are more common than others‚ and some are more prevalent to local governments than to larger segments of government. Local governments may be more susceptible to corruption because interactions between private individuals and officials happen at greater levels of intimacy and with more frequency at more decentralized levels. Forms of corruption pertaining to money
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Police Discretion Police discretion is freedom or the power of state officers to exercise various alternative actions towards a person. A police officer may choose to give a warning‚ issue a ticket of violation or arrest an offender. Not all circumstances allow police to have discretion. According to a research by Carrington and Schulenber (2004)‚ various factors affect police discretion. These factors include the seriousness and the nature of the crime‚ prior contacts with the police‚ injury to
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Corruption in Immigration Departments Introduction The topic of this paper is a corruption in immigration departments. This is a very important and hot topic of these days‚ since the immigration laws have been being changed and it is way harder to get into the country and live here for illegal immigrants. This fact opens a big space for corruption of immigration officers and opening new ways for immigrants to get into the country hidden behind the “supervision” of corrupted immigration officers
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Throughout history‚ efforts to police society have been flawed by brutality in one way or another. Police Brutality exists in many countries and is only one of several forms of police misconduct. Abuse by law enforcement officers in the United States is one of the most serious human rights violations in the country. Police officers have engaged in unjustified shootings‚ severe beatings‚ fatal chokings‚ and unnecessarily rough treatment. The history of police brutality is cyclical‚ going through phases
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Police Protality: Introduction Police brutality has been and continues to be of major concern in society. First of all‚ police brutality is a term used to describe the excessive use of physical force‚ assault‚ verbal attacks or slurs‚ and threats by any law enforcement officer. Efforts to police communities‚ throughout history‚ have been tainted by brutality ans abuse of power to some degree. The term police brutality is commonly used very loosely to any and all forms of police
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else but here. How has terrorism impacted the police mission in the U.S.? What disagreements exist regarding the appropriate law enforcement behavior which fights terrorism but maintains personal liberties? I feel that since 9/11‚ the use of police departments have slightly shifted. For example‚ police departments have had to dig their heels in and provide defensive or “security” services instead of going out on the offensive‚ preventing crime. Police now have to balance their staff and budgets
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Corruption in Mexico has permeated several segments of society – political‚ economic‚ and social – and has seriously affected the country’s legitimacy‚ transparency‚ accountability‚ and effectiveness. The emphasis of this case study will focus on the violence and corruption of Mexico and how it affects political participation. The never-ending corruption‚ in essence is all circular: the corruption effects participation which in turn creates more violence. However‚ political participation is necessary
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about how moral capacity or moral agency develops and what its nature is; and Descriptive ethics‚ about what moral values people actually abide by. Within each of these branches are many different schools of thought and still further sub-fields of study. ETHICAL CODE An ethical code is adopted by an organization in an attempt to assist those in the organization called upon to make a decision (usually most‚ if not all) understand the difference between ’right ’ and ’wrong ’ and to apply this understanding
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