accountant to overlook certain financial figures from a balance sheet that may portray the business in a bad light to the public and investors. Omission may not seem like a significant breach of accounting ethics to an accountant because it does not encompass direct operation of numbers or records. This is specifically why an accountant must remain ethically cautious to circumvent falling into such a trap. Accountants need to be educated on what forms of financial statements frauds can be committed and
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FIFTH SEMESTER BBA (CAM) SALES AND DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT Course Code: BBA (CAM) – 301 L:4 T/P: Credits: 4 PREAMBLE: The primary objective of the course is to familiarize the student with the sales operations and sales management functions and customer relationship management. Endeavor is to provide both theoretical inputs and applications of practical aspects. COURSE CONTENT: UNIT 1:
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Cash & Cash Equivalents Introduction: Cash & cash equivalents may constitute a significant proportion of the total assets of an entity. It is the most liquid asset found within the asset category of a company ’s balance sheet. It is an important criterion to evaluate the liquidity and the short term solvency of a business venture. Liquidity and short term solvency means the ability of the business to pay its short term liabilities. Inability to pay-off short term liabilities affects its credibility
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Company Background Apple‚ Inc. (formerly known as Apple Computer‚ Inc.) was incorporated in the State of California in 1977. Apple currently designs‚ manufactures‚ and markets a variety of computer and personal electronic products‚ including Macintosh computers‚ and the iPod digital music player. AppleÕs key markets are consumers‚ creative professionals‚ educational institutions‚ and business users. For nearly twenty years‚ Apple computers have been the industry standard for creative industries
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parties that may ultimately rely on the client’s financial statements? Should auditors insist that audit engagement letters identify the third parties to whom the client intends to distribute the audited financial statements? Would this practice eliminate auditors’ legal liability to nonprivity parties not mentioned in engagement letters? During an audit it is the auditors responsibility to give their opinion on a company’s financial statements to its shareholders. However‚ the main purpose of
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Essentials of Financial Statement Analysis Evaluating accounting “quality” How do we define financial reporting quality? Qualitative characteristics of accounting Information: Understandability Decision usefulness Reliability Relevance Consistency Comparability 1 Attributes of High Quality Financial Reporting Financial reporting (earnings) quality has been considered positively associated with the following: High persistence of earnings and cash flows High predictive
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The analysis of financial information refers to the process of the critical examination of the financial information contained in the financial statements in order to understand and make the decisions regarding the operations of the firm. There are four kinds of analysis namely; external analysis‚ internal analysis‚ horizontal analysis and vertical analysis. The external analysis is done by outsiders who do not have access to the detailed internal accounting records of the business firm. When it
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I - A. " Representational faithfulness is accomplished when transactions and events affecting the entity are presented in financial statements in a manner that is in agreement with the actual underlying transactions and events" (CICA‚ Financial statement Concepts 1000.21 (a)‚ 2003). It means that all of information in the financial statement such as numbers and descriptions must be factual. The independent auditors checked the computer ID tags on each piece of equipment to confirm the actual numbers
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Sunset on a Beach The sun peaked through the horizon‚ if saying a final goodbye to this California beach bed. Before leaving she gave me a gift of pure peace and serenity. Holding my eyes prisoner to the heavenly sight she put in front of me. While my feet were held into the grainy sand in desperate need of warmth and the smell of salt invading my nostrils. The beach is warm‚ with a captivating view‚ and has pure peace. The beach is where my problems and stressed are released‚ where nothing goes
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APPLE THREE-YEAR FINANCIAL HISTORY Results of Operations (in $ millions‚ except shares in thousands‚ per share amounts) Net sales: Domestic International Total net sales Costs and operating expenses: Cost of sales Research and development (R&D) Selling‚ general and administrative (SG&A) Total operating expenses Operating income Other income/(expense)‚ net Income before provision for income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Diluted earnings per share Shares used in computing diluted earnings
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