The Second Backward Classes Commission (Mandal Commission) By an Order made by the President of India‚ in the year 1979‚ under Article 340 of the Constitution‚ a Backward Class Commission was appointed to investigate the conditions of socially and educationally backward classes within the territory of India‚ which Commission is popularly known as Mandal Commission. The terms of reference of the Commission were: "The terms of reference of the Commission were:-- (i) to determine the criteria for
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government programs THE INDIAN CASTE SYSTEM There are four castes in Hindu society and each caste has assigned duties‚ responsibilities and privileges. The Brahmins are the learned‚ the Kshatriyas are the warriors‚ the Vaishyas are the traders‚ and the Sudras perform menial tasks and physical labour. Brahmins are on the highest rung of the social hierarchy‚ and Sudras are on the lowest. For thousands of years the relations amongst the castes and their sub-castes have been governed by religious
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same group might be considered a scheduled tribe in one state‚ but not in the neighbouring state. In various parts of India Adivasis were incorporated into local states. In some cases they became the ruling families‚ in other the untouchable lower castes. Little is known about the relationship between
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sense of place of residential environment of Yetkha-baha. Out of total 16 ethnic descriptions‚ only a small sample of interviews in the respondent’s own wording is presented here to show how they were interpreted. The differences among various caste groups from old resident Newar was described by an old resident; “Yetkha-baha is more like a Buddhist Vihar‚ a great place for cultural feasts‚ festivals and for socialization. I like the social environment here as I don’t interfere with others business
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Dr. Ambedkar on Social Reform – May 20‚ 2011Posted in: Caste System/Human Rights‚ Social Reform in India Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar ([bʱiːmraːw raːmdʑiː aːmbeːɽkər]; 14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956)‚ popularly also known as Babasaheb‚ was an Indian jurist‚ political leader‚ philosopher‚ anthropologist‚ historian‚ orator‚ economist‚ teacher‚ editor‚ prolific writer‚ revolutionary and a revivalist for Buddhism in India‚ inspiring the Dalit Buddhist movement. He was also the chief
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this story are correlative bonds of labour‚ caste‚ society and culture; agnatic bonds of relationships‚ lineage and illegitimacy; bonds of love‚ lust and incest; bonds of life‚ death and afterlife. The story is a first-person narrative of the ghost of a young pulaya girl‚ the already dead protagonist of the story. The story is set-up in Kerala‚ and C. Ayappan‚ a Dalit short-story writer‚ poet‚ lyricist and a playwright from Kerala‚ uses an upper-caste Christian and Dalit-Christian setting for it
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Until the beginning of the 20th century there was no formal education available for Dalits. Dalit literature as a genre emerged only in 1970’s through some of the Dalit protest movements in Maharshtra and Andhra Pradesh. Dalit literature is the literature produced by the Dalit consciousness. Human freedom is the inspiration behind it. Dalit literature must be written from the Dalit point of view and with a Dalit vision. The “Dalit view point” calls for writer to internalise the sorrows and sufferings
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Their impressive presence in the conference of women at Nagpur in1942 during the formation of Scheduled Caste Federation was underlined even by Dr.B.R.Ambedker .In hid various various speeches he combined the caste problem and women’s problem treating with fundamental (Jondhale 2013:112) and exhorted the Dlith women to be confident‚ assertive and aware of the facilities of caste system .In the process‚ he asked the Dalith women to think of themselves of a waring solider having the same station
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reformers of Maharashtra in the nineteenth century. While other reformers concentrated more on reforming the social institutions of amily and marriage with special emphasis on the status and right of women‚ Jotirao Phule revolted against the unjust caste system under which millions of people had suffered for centuries. In particular‚ he courageously upheld the cause of the untouchables and look up the cudgels for the poorer peasants. He was a militant advocate of their right. The story of his stormy
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Precious Khay Hipolito March 19‚ 2012 The Story of the Good Brahman Based on my basic knowledge about Indian society‚ Brahmans hold the highest status in India’s caste system. I perceive that the story will be similar to bible stories like‚ the good shepherd. However‚ what I encountered in reading the selection is a Brahman‚ specifically‚ a confused Brahman who is not happy with his life. The Brahman who is a philosopher himself‚ constantly questions his existence‚ his essence‚ and his
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