Chapter 4: Nucleic Acids and the RNA World 1. 4.1 – What is a Nucleic Acid? * Nucleic acids are made up of monomers called nucleotides * Three components of a nucleotide: 1. Phosphate group—attached to the 5’ carbon 2. Sugar – carbonyl group and several hydroxyl groups 3. Nitrogenous base * The prime (‘) symbols indicate the carbon being is part of the sugar—not attached to the nitrogenous base. * Four different nucleotides‚ each of which contains a different nitrogenous
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Experiment 8 Chemical Kinetics Abstract This experiment was done to determine the effects of the nature of the reactants‚ concentration‚ temperature‚ surface area and catalyst on the rate of chemical reactions. The nature of the reactants implies a difference if the reactants are aqueous or organic‚ acidic or basic or if they occur in the same phase or not. Acid-base reactions‚ formation of salts‚ and exchange of ions are fast reactions while reactions in which large molecules are formed
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TextBooks Sr No T-1 T-2 Title Engineering Chemistry Chemistry Reference Books Sr No R-1 Other Reading Sr No OR-1 OR-2 OR-3 OR-4 OR-5 OR-6 OR-7 Journals articles as Compulsary reading (specific articles‚ complete reference) http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4601 ‚ http://www.springer.com/chemistry/electrochemistry/journal/10800 ‚ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13882481 ‚ http://www.springerlink.com/content/100224/ ‚ http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00108545
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Report Factors That Affect Enzymes Reaction Rate Name of lab: Effects of temperature‚ pH‚ Enzyme Concentration‚ and Substrate Concentration on Enzymatic Activity Introduction: Enzymes are the most important types of proteins‚ they act as catalysis (speed up chemical reactions). If enzymes didn’t exist‚ biochemical reactions would act to slowly and they couldn’t keep up with the metabolic functions. Enzymes have a three-dimensional structure that is really complex. This structure consists of
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after Garvey read Up from Slavery did Garvey really understood the plight of the black man and found his calling to uplift the Negro race socially‚ economically and politically. As a result Garvey began to as himself questions that would become the catalysis that would start a movement that would propel the black race into a state of awareness and find a connection between them and the mother land Africa. Garvey’s founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League. The
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Enzymes are biologic polymers that catalyze the chemical reactions that make life as we know it possible. The presence and maintenance of a complete and balanced set of enzymes is essential for the breakdown of nutrients to supply energy and chemical building blocks; the assembly of those building blocks into proteins‚ DNA‚ membranes‚ cells‚ and tissues; and the harnessing of energy to power cell motility‚ neural function‚ and muscle contraction. With the exception of catalytic RNA molecules‚ or
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ABSTRACT: Two separate variables were hypothesized and tested within the confines of the experiment on their effects on the productivity of lactase enzyme. The measurement of light absorbance levels of different solutions based on both the concentration of o-nitrophenol (ONP) as well as the pH of the solution tested. To begin with‚ differing concentrations of ONP were tested to find the absorbance levels of ONP. Three different pH values‚ 5‚ 6‚ and 7‚ in solution‚ were tested over a period of 8
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Experiment N | Kinetics of the Depolymerization of Diacetone Alcohol via Basic Catalysis | | Ingrid Tafur -5672578 | 2/11/2011 | CHM233O Partner: Laura Marrongelli Demonstrator: Cheryl McDowall Objective The rate constant of the depolymerization of diacetone alcohol via basic catalysis was determined by monitoring the change in volume as a function of time at constant temperature of a pseudo first order reaction where the species in excess was sodium hydroxide. This was accomplished
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Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994‚33‚1687-1691 1687 Synthesis of Triphenyl Phosphate and Benzyl Benzoate with Phase-Transfer Catalyst in Heterogeneous Liquid-Liquid Reaction System S a t o r u Asai‚’ Hidemi Nakamura‚ Mitsunori Tanabe‚ and Kenji Sakamoto Department of Chemical Engineering‚ University of Osaka Prefecture‚ Sakai‚ Osaka 593‚Japan The synthetic reactions of triphenyl phosphate from diphenylphosphoryl chloride and sodium phenoxide and of benzyl benzoate from benzyl chloride and sodium
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molecule that an enzyme works on is called a substrate. In order for an enzyme to properly do its job‚ the substrate has to move to the active site which is the exact shape for the particular enzyme in that it binds to. This is where the process of catalysis comes from. Once the substrate binds to the enzyme‚ it changes the substrate by breaking it down or creating new molecules by combining the substrate with our molecules. As soon as this production ends‚ the enzyme continues to work on other molecules
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