An ion is an atom or molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons‚ giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge. The name was given by physicist Michael Faraday for the substances that allow a current to pass ("go") between electrodes in a solution‚ when an electric field is applied. It is from Greek ιον‚ meaning "going." The word ion also is responsible for electrical current being symbolized by the letter i in chemistry and physics. An anion
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SYLLABUS – ADVANCED PLACEMENT CHEMISTRY Required Texts 1. Chemistry: The Central Science by Brown‚ LeMay and Bursten‚ 10th ed.‚ Pearson Education. Inc.‚ Upper Saddle River‚ NJ‚ 2006‚ ISBN: 0131464892 Includes: Text book‚ Laboratory Manual‚ Student Study Guide‚ AP Test Prep Series‚ Solutions to Practice Problems 2. Barrons AP Chemistry‚ Jespersen‚ Neil D‚ 4th ed.‚ Barron’s Educational Series‚ Inc‚ 250 Wireless Boulevard‚ Hauppauge‚ New York 11788
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Several features of this synthesis are worthy of comment. A recent trend known as "Green Chemistry" seeks to synthesize materials while having a minimal impact on the environment. This includes concepts such as atom economy‚ less toxic reagents‚ catalysis‚ and alternative energy sources. You will notice‚ for instance‚ that this reaction does not use a solvent. Consider also the amount of energy needed to microwave the reaction for 10 minutes vs. the traditional reaction conditions of heating to
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Lecture No. 1 Chemical Kinetics 1.1 The Rate of a Reaction Chemical Kinetics is the area of Chemistry that is concerned with the speed‚ rate or mechanism at which a chemical reaction occurs. Reaction Rate is the change in the concentration of a reactant or product with time (i.e. M/s). It measures how fast a reactant is consumed and how fast a product is formed. 1.2 WRITING RATE EXPRESSIONS Consider the following hypothetical reaction. A + 2B ( 3C + D Rate = - rate
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is to successfully perform a dehydration of 1-butanol and 2-butanol‚ also dehydrobromination of 1-bromobutane and 2-bromobutane to form the alkene products 1-butene‚ trans-2-butene‚ and cis-2-butene. The dehydration reactions react under and acid-catalysis which follows an E1 mechanism. It was found that dehydration of 1-butanol yielded 3.84% cis-2-butene‚ 81.83% trans-2-butene‚ and 14.33% 1-butene‚ while 2-butanol is unknown due to mechanical issues with the GC machine. For the dehydrobromination
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least one complete copy of a genome a. Originally RNA… these days‚ exclusively DNA b. All cells replicate DNA by template directed polymerization into an intermediate form RNA 3. Capable of regulated metabolic activity a. Through macromolecular catalysis 4. Capable of protein synthesis a. The machinery of protein synthesis is conserved among all cells (MOSTLY RNA) b. The mechanism of protein synthesis is also conserved c. Three domain (archae‚ bacteria‚ and eucaryotes) evolutionary model emerged
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CHEM 135 Take Home Exam Sp 2014 Type in the blocks and the chart will expand as needed. Good luck. Return by 5 p.m. Saturday‚ April 26‚ 2014. Thank you. Ms. Vallee 1. A. Chiral- An object that cannot lay over on its mirror image (pg291). B. Non-superimposable- A molecule that can be placed on top of its mirror image (http://www.chemeddl.org) C. enantiomer- mirror images of each other (pg292). 16. Trans Fats (http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/FatsAndOils/Fats101/Trans-Fats_UCM_301120_Article
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The activity of an Enzyme is affected by its environmental conditions and changing these factors can alter the overall rate of the reaction. Reaction rates are influenced by external factors such as pH‚ temperature and salt concentration. Different enzymes have different optimum temperatures in which they are most efficient and different pH levels which is ideal for their formation of enzyme-substrate complexes. As the temperature increases‚ there is more movement of molecules and more random collisions
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impacts their life. In the book Life of Pi by Yann Martel‚ the main character Pi goes through many hard tasks and violent encounters that allow him to improve himself as a character. The goal of violent scenes are not there to ruin the plot but as a catalysis that will give a character in the novel a chance to improve their current depiction by the audience. At the end of the novel‚ the audience will see that the character has gone through a growth from what the audience saw at the beginning of the novel
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B.Tech.-IV (CHEMICAL) 7th SEMESTER SCHEME FOR TEACHING AND EXAMINATION CS: Core Subject Sr. No. ES: Elective Subject (from Department) Course Code Teaching Scheme Hours per Week Credits Examination Scheme Theory L 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Chemical Reaction Engineering-II (CS-1) Instrumentation and Process Control (CS-2) Process Equipment Design and Drawing (CS-3) Transport Phenomena (CS-4) ES-1** Seminar Project Preliminaries Total Marks Practicals
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