Manufacturing of Aerogel Aerogel was found by Steven Kistler in 1931‚ but its application cannot be in the market and consumer because there is no item that can use the aerogel. The 1980s the aerogel have a place to be a raw material in existing and new product after they discover a new research about aerogel. They have been considered as a new development material that better than polyurethane foam in refrigerators‚ and as a heat insulator for windows. Aerogel is produced by removing all the
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The Different Roles of Macromolecules in Biology.There are four types of macromolecules that I am going to describe: Proteins‚ carbohydrates‚ lipids and nucleic acid. I will also describe the functions and why they are important in our bodies. Proteins Proteins are polymers of amino acids that are joined head-to-tail in a long chain that is then folded into a three-dimensional structure unique to each type of protein. The covalent linkage between two adjacent amino acids in a protein (or polypeptide)
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Module 3: Kinetics of Chemical Reactions Introduction to Kinetics Chemical thermodynamics has answered the question “can a specified chemical reaction take place?” (i.e. is the reaction thermodynamically favourable?). • However‚ chemical thermodynamics hasn‟t answered the question “HOW FAST will a specified chemical reaction occur?” o Many thermodynamically favourable reactions are so slow (ex: metamorphic transformation of rocks‚ corrosion of marble sculptures owing to weathering) that they can
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Chapter 11: Cell Communication Concept 11.1 External signals are converted to responses within the cell. I. Evolution of Cell Signaling 1. signal transduction pathway. a specific cellular response in a series of steps 2. signaling mechanisms first evolved in ancient prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes‚ then adopted for new uses 3. quorum sensing. allows bacterial populations to coordinate behaviors to carry out activities only productive when performed by a given number of cells
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Professor: Dr. Esmaeel Naeemi Date: February 21st‚ 2012 Abstract In this experiment‚ methyl-m-nitrobenzoate‚ followed the electrophilic addition of aromatic ring‚ would be formed from the starting material methyl benzoate and nitric acid‚ under the catalysis of concentrated sulfuric acid. The reaction between nitric acid and sulfuric acid resulted in the formation of nitronium ion NO2+. It then acted as strong electrophile that nitrated the benzene ring. After that‚ vacuum filtration and recrystallization
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portraying them second class citizens‚ however narcocorridos have changed the perspective of gender roles within the music genre. In most cultures the sense of the male domination is seen as normal‚ therefore when women are portrayed against this norms a catalysis emerges. Similarly‚ Bradley Tatar explores this idea in the article Hombres Bravos‚ Mujeres Bravas: Gender and Violence in the Mexican Corrido. Moreover‚ Tatar explores different songs in which women are portrayed as powerful‚ breaking all types
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Emanuel (Ed.)‚ ¹he oxidation of hydrocarbon in the liquid phase (p. 219). UK: Pergamon Press. Neuburg‚ H.J.‚ Phillips‚ M.J.‚ & Graydon‚ W.F. (1976). Kinetic study of the liquid phase oxidation of cyclohexene catalysed by manganese oxide. Journal of Catalysis‚ 38‚ 33}46. Shah‚ U. (1998). Oxidation of isobutane in liquid phase and under supercritical conditions. M.Sc. thesis‚ Monash University‚ Australia. Suresh‚ A.K.‚ Sridhar‚ T.‚ & Potter‚ O.E. (1988a). Mass transfer and solublity in autocatalytic oxidation
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an increase in the speed but after 37ºC the rate of reaction decreased. This proved that there is an optimum temperature point for the rate of reaction for amylase which was 37ºC. INTRODUCTION Enzymes can effect the rate of reaction through catalysis. Enzymes help lower the activation energy required for a reaction which helps to speed the reaction that is taking place. With enzymes structure is key to the proper function of a cell. Enzymes such as amylase go through a catabolyic cycle‚ allowing
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Their readiness to be recycled for use as solvents and /or catalysts; 7. High polar character caused by coulombic forces acting between the ions‚ they open up new ways for chemical reactions in homogenous as well as biphasic catalysis including biocatalysts [28‚29]. 8. Physical‚ chemical and biological properties of ionic liquids can be tuned by (a) switching anions or cations; (b) by designing specific functionalities into the cations and/or anions; and (c) by mixing two or
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PH 131 BIOCHM FNDTN THERAPEUTICS DR. JOSEPH 1. Select the predominant form of Amoxicillin (shown above) at pH 5.3. The pKa of the phenolic -OH is 9.6‚ the NH3+ is 7.4‚ and the COOH is 2.4. 2. At what pH would amoxicillin most readily cross a chloride channel? A. 1.8 B. 5.7 C. 8.0 D. 10.5 E. 3.6 3. Using the pK values shown in parentheses in the above diagram‚ select the pI of the tripeptide Arginiyltyrosinylcystyl from the following choices: A. 11.6 B. 5.0 C. 5.6
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