3.1. Influence of the catalyst on synthesis of Benzimidazole Initially‚ we began with catalyst free reaction by stirring reaction mixture of a and b in ethanol at room temperature. Additionally‚ several reactions were performed using various catalysts in different reaction conditions and results are summarized in Table 1. The catalyst free reaction fails to produce selective benzimidazole and conversion of reactants in long reaction time and obtained only 21 % conversion with 13 % selective yield
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advance oxidation processes. Global Nest: the Int. J.‚ 6(3)‚ 222-230. Ali‚ N.‚ Hameed‚ A Aravindhan‚ R.‚ Fathima‚ N. N.‚ Rao‚ J. R. & Nair‚ B. U. (2006). Wet oxidation of acid brown dye by hydrogen peroxide using heterogeneous catalyst Mn-salen-Y zeolite: A potential catalyst. Journal of Hazardous Materials‚ 138(1)‚ 152-159. Banat‚ I. M.‚ Nigam‚ P.‚ Singh‚ D. & Marchant‚ R. (1996). Microbial decolorization of textile-dyecontaining effluents: A review. Bioresource Technology‚ 58(3)‚ 217-227. Carmen
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Intuitive-Feeling - Catalysts‚ SJ – Sensing-judging– Trouble-shouters/Negotiators‚ SF- Sensing-Feeling - Traditionalists/Stabilizers. My type is: NF – Intuitive-Feeling - Catalysts NF – INTUITIVE-FEELING - CATALYSTS The Keirsey’s Temperament Sorter assessment was an eye opener for me. That revealed more about myself‚ and helped me realize how to adjust‚ understand and work with other types. The catalysts are people with integrity‚ identity and self-actualization. Integrity – Catalysts maintains a high
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This paper is done to study one particular catalyst which is zeolite supported iron catalyst. Zeolite supported iron catalyst is prepared using a method where it is based on the reaction of a metal exchanged zeolite with a metal containing coordination compound which produces an insoluble compound distributed throughout the zeolite. The metal used will be a specifically a water soluble metal cyanide complex where in this case it is iron. The catalyst is being used in various industries and the two
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plastic wastes to fuel oil with and without catalyst Baoying Shi‚ Yufeng Wang Guangdong Dongguan Quality Supervision Testing Center Dongguan，China Chengzhi Chuai School of Material Science & Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Science & Technology Tianjin‚ China Abstract—Two types of waste plastics were used in this study: polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). This paper described pyrolysis of plastic waste materials with and without catalyst. The influence of the production of liquid
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into what a catalyst is. A catalyst is a substance‚ which accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected. (3) The human body also contains catalysts‚ which are called enzymes. These accelerate the reaction of biochemical reactions in the human body. In a catalytic converter‚ there are two types of catalysts inside. The first one is the reduction catalyst and the other is the oxidation catalyst. Both of the catalysts consist of a ceramic structure. The reduction catalyst is the first
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is% used% including% an% aluminum% isopropoxide% catalyst.% % Since% the% catalyst% is% potentially% toxic% to% human% cells‚% it% needs% to% be% rinsed% from% the% polymer% solution.% After% processing‚% the% polymer% stream% is% washed%into% a%single%wash%unit% with%the%solvent%methylene%chloride.%% Assume%the%unprocessed%polymer% solution%contains% 40.0%wt%%polymer‚%10.0%wt%%catalyst‚%and% 50.0%wt%%solvent.%Assume%also%that% 80%%of% the% catalyst% fed% to% the% unit% leaves% in% the% waste% solution%
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I express my deep sense of gratitude and indebtness to Dr. Amarjeet Singh Walia‚ HOD of Chemical Engineering Department‚ Seth Jai Prakash Mukand Lal Institute Of Engineering & Technology‚ Radaur‚ Yamunanagar who had provided me a golden opportunity to get my practical training in National Fertilizers Limited‚ Panipat‚ Haryana. I also wish to acknowledge my deep obligation to and all officers of HR Department for the kind behavior‚ constant inspiration and valuable knowledge
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performance of different catalysts in the coupling of bromobenzene and phenylboronic acid # Catalyst Solvent Base Temp (°C) Time (h) Yields (%) Ref 1 Pd1Ni2 DMF NaOH 140 10 93.8 [58] 2 C/CuPd EtOH K₂CO₃ 60 5 91 [59] 3 Pd/RGOa H2O K₂CO₃ 80 0.5 95 [42] 4 Pd thin film H2O K₂CO₃ 80 1.5 90 [42] 5 Pd-DS-LDHb DMF-H2O K₂CO₃ 80 5 82 [60] 6 Pd-Ni/Fe3O4 EtOH K₂CO₃ 80 0.5 95 This work a Reduced-graphene oxide; b DS: Dodecylsulfate anion‚ LDH: Layered double hydroxide. Since the catalyst can be separated from
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triglycerides. Commonly‚ the acid H2SO4 is the catalyst on the first step of this process. It must be said‚ however‚ that major drawbacks such as substantial reactor corrosion and the great generation of wastes‚ including the salts formed due to neutralization of the mineral acid‚ are negative and virtually unsurmountable aspects of this protocol. In this paper‚ tin(II) chloride dihydrate (SnCl2·2H2O)‚ an inexpensive Lewis acid‚ was evaluated as catalyst on the ethanolysis of oleic acid‚ which is
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