action does. If an action is performed with any other motivation besides the obligation to do so because of duty‚ then good will is not performed. Since the first and second propositions of duty are so closely connected to one another‚ they will be combined into an adjoining point for the rest of the essay. The third proposition of duty good will must follow is “duty is the necessity of an act done out of respect for the law‚” no matter your personal thoughts about a particular law (Sandel 165). Thus
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Kant’s First Formulation of the Categorical Imperative The categorical imperative describes Kant’s account for morality’s absolute and unconditional commandment‚ which dictates rational beings’ moral obligations and duties. From the notion and understanding of a ‘good will’‚ to that of ‘duty‚’ springs out Kant’s three propositions that give rise to the categorical imperative’s first formulation. Through these propositions‚ the first formulation arrives at the fundamental principle of morality
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Upon Hobbes reading of Descartes proposition “I am thing that thinks‚ that is a mind‚ soul‚ understanding or reason (Ibid‚ 2000); he draws a conundrum with the latter part of Descartes proposition namely ‘that is a mind‚ soul‚ understanding or reason’ (Ibid‚ 2000); conceiving it to be erroneous; for it ostensibly reads ‘I am thinking‚ therefore I am a thought’. This is condemned by Hobbes as a spurious argument for it does not seem logical to say a thinking thing equates its faculty of thinking.
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A System of Logic: Ratiocinative and by John Stuart Mill 1 A System of Logic: Ratiocinative and by John Stuart Mill The Project Gutenberg EBook of A System of Logic: Ratiocinative and Inductive‚ by John Stuart Mill This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it‚ give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: A System of Logic: Ratiocinative
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Ciara Watson The Three Modes of Persuasion: Socrates’ Apology In speaking of effective rhetorical persuasion‚ we must appeal to our target audience in a way that will get them to accept or act upon the point of view we are trying to portray. Aristotle said that we persuade others by three means: (1) by the appeal to their reason (logos); (2) by the appeal to their emotions (pathos); and (3) by the appeal of our personality or character (ethos) (Corbett and Connors 32). When Socrates‚ an infamous
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I. By applying the laws of opposition and equivalence‚ identify: a. the truth-values of the given sets of propositions (true‚ false or doubtful); b. identify the relationship between the given sets of propositions (contradictory‚ contrary‚ subaltern‚ subcontrary‚ obverse‚ converse‚ partial cotrapositive or full contrapositive ). 1. It is false that all honest persons are God-fearing. Therefore to say that some God- fearing persons are honest is (a)___________ . (b) ____________
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Rhetoric Rhetorical Theory centered on the 4th Century BC writings of Aristotle. Aristotle’s Rhetoric was the seminal work which was later revised by others including Kenneth Burke (dramatism) and Toulmin (argument model). George A. Kennedy (2004) wrote the most respected‚ authoritative and explanatory translation of Aristotle’s Rhetoric but an older translation by W. Rhys Roberts (1954) is available online for free. Aristotle’s mentor‚ Plato (385 BC)‚ reacted to the
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has argued that the moral actions of a person are judged on the purpose which they serve. He explains that moral propositions which are true should not be attached to any particular condition. He argues that a moral proposition implies an absolute need to perform the moral act and should be followed in the same sense as the need of the proposition. The first proposition of the categorical imperatives argues on fulfilling the universal law. The use of force for saving lives can be a subjective question
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Reason and Knowledge Lecture Three – The Cogito Introduction So far‚ we have considered the Cartesian method of doubt. Descartes claims that if we are going to develop a secure foundation for knowledge‚ we need to be able to distinguish those beliefs we had that we knew with certainty from those that were uncertain. Descartes sets about this task by suspending judgement about all beliefs that could be doubted. Descartes concludes that beliefs about perception‚ the external world‚ and even the
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of Jefferson’s propositions and compare it to the subject of the following proposition. What has Jefferson done here? Chart out how the follow if ideas throughout this paragraph is controlled by the subjects and predicates (use a T-chart). |Subject |Predicate | |they |all men‚ from proposition one
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