The Chief Good In the Nicomachean Ethics‚ Aristotle states that everything a person does‚ whether it’s creating something‚ asking about something‚ deciding something‚ or doing an action‚ is done so in the pursuit of an end goal‚ or “to seek some good” (1094a2). For every action we take‚ there is a specific benefit‚ or good‚ that we hope to gain. For example‚ when you prepare food for yourself‚ you hope to satisfy your hunger or taste something good‚ and when you ask a question‚ you hope to receive
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According to Kant‚ the reasons behind an action is what gives moral worth to actions. This is also referred to as a maxim (Shafer-Landau‚ 2010‚ p. 147). As opposed to the utilitarian’s view‚ the morality of the action is not relevant if there is a good outcome‚ meaning what gives moral worth to an action are the consequences. There are some disadvantages and advantages to both Kant’s view and utilitarians’ views. Nonetheless‚ I think Kant’s views are preferable and more reasonable. One of the reasons
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2. I disagree with Kant’s using the transcendental ideas for there must also be material conditions. Eventually‚ the material conditions are as important as the ideas. When he talked about mind formulates the concept of self how about the body. The mind cannot exist without the body. The world does not contain only the events but also the material things. Therefore the mind must have the concept of both form and matter. Thus‚ I support Kant there are some transcendent ideas cannot be proven as they
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Determinism is defined as “the doctrine that all events‚ including human action‚ are ultimately determined by causes external to the will. ”‚ there have been many cases where philosophers determine that determinism implies that beings that have no free will‚ cannot be held morally responsible for their actions. David Hume’s definition of necessity is similar to the definition of determinism because it shows that what is necessity is constant or always necessary‚ plainly put his definition states
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In his paper‚ ’The Secret Joke of Kant’s Soul’‚ Greene argues that deontological moral theory is a post hoc rationalisation. That is‚ although deontological philosophy claims to base its judgements in reason‚ deontological judgements are instead typically emotionally driven judgements which are then rationalised after the fact. In this analysis I will briefly explain Greene’s argument‚ which is grounded in evolutionary theory‚ particularly evolutionary psychology‚ and backed up by empirical studies
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In Boethius’s work The Consolation of Philosophy‚ Boethius uses the character Lady Philosophy to present the argument that justice is always served in that “the good are always rewarded and the wicked always punished” (81). I support that the argument is sound and valid through evaluation‚ then I continue by extrapolating Boethius’s reasoning to understand that although the nature of true reward is singular‚ the nature of punishment is diverse. Boethius presents his claim on the nature of good‚
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Kant philosophy has contributed in development of "pure" moral philosophy‚ a "metaphysics of morals" that is based on the concepts of reason‚ not on empirical observations. According to his philosophy moral obligations are applicable to all human beings as it applies not only for particular person in particular situation‚ but also to all rational beings in all circumstances. The principle of humanity is not borrowed from experience as this is a universal principle and this applies to all rational
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Overdetermination of dutiful actions occurs when dutiful actions are done from the motive of duty where the agent also has nonmoral interests in the action (Herman: 6) and according to Kant although this action might be dutiful and amiable it is still of no moral worth. For example a man who does acts of good will and gets a feeling of satisfaction from doing them is not acting morally. In the same way that a soldier saves another soldiers with only an inclination that he will get a medal is also
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The core of principles can be defined by ethics and certain behaviors such as proper‚ good‚ and right. These fundamentals define if the behavior is evil‚ wrong or not satisfactory. Immanuel Kant stated that ethics should not be limited to personal desires‚ but also extend to one’s duty. His philosophy states that all individuals are born with intrinsic freedom‚ allowing them to make decisions‚ implying that we should make efforts to live morally and ethically. Kant argues that every lie that
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ADDITIONAL PROBLEMS WITH THE PHRASE IN THE CODE The philosopher Immanuel Kant (2008)‚ in his Critique of Pure Reason‚ famously asserted‚ “The action to which the “ought” applies must indeed be possible under natural conditions” (p. 473). 536 O’DONOHUE This generally is summarized as “ought” implies can‚” that is‚ any moral prescription must be possible for the actor. Conversely‚ part of the notion is that it is nonsensical to morally blame people for actions that they cannot control. Griffin (1992)
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