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    religious theories‚ which ended the reign of the Catholic Church. Martin Luther was outraged by the Catholic Church’s exploitation and prosperity. He revealed that he disagreed with the beliefs of the Catholic Church‚ which led to him being excommunicated. Martin Luther aligned himself with the rulers of Denmark‚ Sweden‚ and Germany. His new doctrine allowed Germany to establish its independence from the Holy Roman Empire. Slowly‚ the power that the Catholic Church had was declining. This illustrates the

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    that went beyond the Roman Catholic Church. The Revolution will begin with one monk‚ Martin Luther‚ studying the scriptures and ultimately challenging the authority of the church. But for Luther there was no other way. Went studying at Wittenberg‚ teaching the bible‚ and seeing public platform selling indulgence to the poor‚ while many didn’t even have food‚ this disgust and bothered Luther. In return‚ Luther began to question several of the doctrines of the Roman Church and soon realize that these

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    and relate to him personally. Pope John XXIII promoted the openness of the Catholic church‚ establishing the second Vatican Council which worked to modernise the liturgy and Catholic Church organisations. He changed the language of the mass from Latin to Vernacular‚ allowing adherents to develop a greater understanding and a more active role in their worship. The Council increased the role of the Laity and women in church‚ allowing them to participate in readings and also removed altar rails and

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    Jan Hus From “The Church” Jan Hus was a Czech Roman Catholic preacher and writer in Prague. His teachings were influenced by the English theologian Wyclif. Wyclif was one of the earliest opponents of papal authority influencing political power; he started anticlerical and biblically centered reforms known as the Lollard Movement. The Lollard Movement was a precursor to the protestant reformation. Likewise‚ Hus called for radical reforms in the church. Of primary concern to Hus was the designation

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    able to expand the church. Saint Francis was able to take a church that was collapsing and bring it back to life. He showed that wealth didn’t mean anything‚ and there were more important things in life. Things like beliefs‚ and that even those in poverty could have a wonderful life. He lead by example rather than just preaching. He would later be named the patron saint of animals and influence the church’s current pope in a way that will most likely change the Catholic Church forever. First

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    The Vatican. Established in 1929‚ The Vatican is landlocked within the walls of Southern Europe‚ and is an enclave of Rome and is the last remnant of the Papal States; a group of territories in central Italy attained over the centuries by the Catholic Church and governed by the pope. (Vatican: The Holy See) It rests on a small hill in northwestern Rome on the west bank of the Tiber River. The little state is shaped roughly like a triangle and is enclosed by a high stone wall. (Scott) Three gates give

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    By the 16th century‚ the Roman Catholic Church ’s corruption was beginning to spread. Simony‚ or the buying of church offices‚ was common along with pluralism which was the appointment of multiple bishops in multiple areas. Tithing had become mandatory to support the church ’s bloated clergy‚ yet it was the poorly paid servents who did the priest ’s duties. Meanwhile due to the invention of the printing press‚ common people were reading doctrine for themselves. All these factors sparked a major discontent

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    There are two important events that become bookends of the era‚ acting as the beginning and ending‚ chronologically. The first is the posting of Martin Luther’s “Ninety Five Theses”‚ his protest against the indulgence system of the Roman Catholic Church‚ in 1517. The second in 1648‚ is the Peace of Westphalia‚ a set of treaties that solidify the end of both the Eighty Years’ War and the Thirty Years’ War‚ ending the domestic disruptions caused by the political and religious movement. From the

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    The Reformation was the 16th century religious‚ political‚ and cultural chaos that separated Europe. Reformers like Martin Luther‚ John Calvin and Henry VIII challenged authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s. Martin Luther‚ for example‚ disagreed with the Catholic Church that over the doctrines allowed the selling of indulgences. Ninety-five theses furthered the ideology of the Reformation by questioning authority. Henry VIII reasons came from his desire to marry Anne Boleyn. These men argued

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    Queen Isabella. It was meant to seek out non-catholics in Spain‚ because Ferdidand and Isabella wanted religious‚ and subsequently political unity in their country. Their first goal to begin the Inquisition was to appoint inquisitors over each region throughout Spain‚ to figure out who was Catholic‚ and who was not. In 1478‚ Ferdinand and Isabella received the reluctant permission of Pope Sixtus IV to appoint inquisitors‚ who began seeking out non-catholics. This Inquisition began in 1478‚ and continued

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