Test 1 Recap 3. When things are going poorly in one area of life‚ one may compensate by pursuing substitute forms of satisfaction. This coping strategy is referred to as b. developing alternative rewards - Developing alternative rewards is common in response to stress which leads to unhealthy habits such as smoking‚ overeating and gambling (p. 108). 6. Humanistic theory emerged in the 1950s as a (n) ¬___ behavioral and psychodynamic theories c. Backlash against - The backlash against
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INTRODUCTION: Psychology has the immediate goal of understanding individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases‚ and by many accounts it ultimately aims to benefit society. In this field‚ a professional practitioner or researcher is called a psychologist and can be classified as a social‚ behavioral‚ or cognitive scientist. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental functions in individual and social behavior‚ while also exploring the physiological and neurobiological processes
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Introduction Personality trait theories may be defined as a key measurement of habitual outlines of behaviour‚ thought and emotion (Kassin‚ 2003). Cattell and Warburton (1967) defined the personality tests (about 200 objective tests with more than 800 variables) that can be objectively scored and whose purpose is hidden from the subject (Cattell &Warburton 1967). They manifested that they are difficult to fake (although they may be sabotaged)‚ and thus such tests would be useful in selection if
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Thurnstone‚ Gardner and Guilford came to a conclusion that there are multiple intelligences instead of a general intelligence. It is a known fact that every individual is different from one another in its natural endowments. Another philosopher‚ Raymond Cattell believed that intelligence constituted of crystallized intelligence‚ representing
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References: Eysenck‚ M.W. and Keane‚ M.T. (1995) “Cognitive psychology: A student’s handbook”‚ East Sussex‚ Psychology Press. Hayward‚ W.G. (Oct 2003) ‘After the viewpoint debate: where next in object recognition?’‚ Trends in Cognitive Sciences‚ vol 7‚ no.10‚ pp. 425–7
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Attention. In D. Miell‚ A. Phoenix‚ & K. Thomas (Eds.)‚ Mapping Psychology (2nd ed.‚ pp. 1-56). Milton Keynes: The Open University. Enns‚ J.T. and Di Lollo‚ V. (2000). What’s new in visual masking?’ Trends in Cognitive Sciences‚ 4‚ 345–52. Eysenck‚ M. W. (2001). Psychology for A2 Level. Hove‚ East Sussex‚ U.K: Psychology Press.Galotti‚ K. M. (2008) Cognitive psychology in and out of the laboratory (4th edn)‚ Belmont‚ CA: Thomson Wadsworth. McLeod‚ S.A. (2007). Visual Perception Theory. Retrieved
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Prejudice‚ discrimination‚ stereotype and racism are terms used in everyday conversation. We hear and read about these daily on the news and in the media. How do we define them? Where do they come from and what do they mean? “Many people believe prejudice and discrimination as meaning the same thing‚ In fact‚ prejudice is an attitude or belief‚ whereas discrimination refers to behaviour or action.”Smith and Mackie (2000‚ p 156) According to Baron and Byrne (1991‚ p183) prejudice: “Is an
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If it were possible to hold a world cup competition between all of the concepts investigated in psychology based on importance‚ then intelligence would surely be the winner. It has been researched far more than any other concept and is seen as having far-reaching implications for everyone. Personal definitions of intelligence by ordinary people are called implicit theories. Studies around the world suggest these can be influenced by cultural factors. They have been investigated by‚ for example
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Aptitude tests Psychological tests to measure specific abilities‚ such as mechanical or clerical skills. Sometimes these tests must be specially designed for a particular job‚ but there are also tests available that measure general clerical and mechanical aptitudes. An example of Aptitude test is the Minnesota Clerical Test; it is a 15-minutes individual or group test in two parts: number comparison (matching 200 pairs of numbers) and name comparison. Applicants are instructed to works as fast as
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Brunner‚ H. G.‚ Nelen‚ M.‚ Breakefield‚ X. O.‚ Ropers‚ H. H.‚ & van Oost‚ B. A. (1993). Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase A. Science‚ 262‚ 578-580. Eysenck‚ H. J. (1982). Personality‚ genetics‚ and behavior. New York: Praeger. Eysenck‚ H. J. (1996). Personality and crime: Where do we stand? Psychology‚ Crime‚ & Law‚ 2‚ 143-152. Garnefski‚ N.‚ & Okma‚ S. (1996). Addiction-risk and aggressive/criminal behavior in adolescence: Influence of family
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