Causal reasoning in financial reporting and voluntary disclosure This paper examines causal reasoning‚ applying the theories to financial reporting. Causal reasoning involves diagnosis (determining the cause of an effect) and prediction (vice versa). These are important and commonplace amongst analysts‚ investors and management regarding company earnings and share prices. However‚ there is very little recent research employing causal reasoning theories to this field. Attribution theory describes
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Cheating is an act of lying‚ deception‚ fraud‚ trickery‚ imposture‚ or imposition. Cheating characteristically is employed to create an unfair advantage‚ usually in one’s own interest‚ and often at the expense of others. Cheating implies the breaking of rules. There are plenty ways to cheat‚ you can cheat in a relationship‚ academically‚ and in games. Cheating is when a person misleads‚ deceives‚ or acts dishonestly on purpose. For kids‚ cheating may happen at school‚ at home‚ or while playing
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Doping is slowly but definitely destroying the professional sports industry. In this generation in which the use of performance-enhancing drugs is increasing and becoming harder to detect‚ it could be said that everyone is guilty. As students‚ we are taught that cheating is no right and if for example we cheat on a test and teachers catch us doing it‚ there are consequences. What athletes need to understand is that there are consequences for their actions‚ not only for them but for the entire sports
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Cheating or beating a drug test seems to be the popular thing amongst people that are trying to get a job or people that are trying to stay off of probation. For as long as people can remember many household products and over the counter medicines has been a way of cheating the system. People have been using the items to confuse prospective employers and drug labs so that they wouldn’t get caught with an illegal substance in their system. The question that should be asked though is‚ “is it effective
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SUMMARY & CRITIQUE OF: “Cheating in a Bottom Line Economy” (by David Callahan) In “Cheating in a Bottom Line Economy‚” author David Callahan explains the fundamental reasons for the decay of simple business ethics in today’s economy in order to meet bottom line standards. Callahan draws conclusions from everyday businesses such as auto mechanic services‚ law offices‚ and even professional medical firms to prove that people will almost always choose financial stability over integrity. The economic
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six months after he checked in to address his pornography addiction. The former reality TV star completed his treatment at the Illinois-based Christian rehab center after he admitted to cheating on his wife Anna Duggar. Josh Duggar‚ 28‚ previously made headlines after his name surfaced in a data breach of cheating website Ashley Madison‚ Raw Story reports. After the Ashley Madison scandal broke out‚ Josh Duggar confessed that he had an addiction to pornography. Weeks before that‚ it was revealed that
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Drug abuse and cheating is one of the main reason professional athletes get suspended or even banned from sports (Carroll). This abuse of rules has been seen through the eras all the way from Shoeless Joe Jackson to Sammy Sosa. People may never understand what an athlete can do with a second chance. Although many athletes are caught cheating and abusing the rules in professional sports‚ offenders should only be punished for a short while and allowed a second chance. The 1919 Major League Baseball
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issue of student debt affects so many people worldwide on a day to day basis. As of 2015‚ student debt is more than $1.1 trillion dollars (Cook‚ 2015). This crisis of student debt that has risen overtime has caused major debate and discussion to families‚ policy experts‚ and politicians (Cook‚ 2015). As a result of trying to attain a career‚ students that are not financially capable of supporting their education and have no choice but to acquire student loans that will in turn become student debt. The
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has been a topic of corruption in the sports community since 2012. While he did all he could to terminate rumors‚ he finally admitted to cheating in the famous Oprah interview done in 2013. Immense repercussions would follow. With seven wins stripped from him‚ Armstrong justifies cheating‚ was dropped from name brands‚ and did all he could to stay on top. Cheating has often been defended by the accused‚ and Armstrong is no exception. According to a statement made by Armstrong‚ he claims that “...the
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Retention. It is one of the most tossed around buzz-words within the confines of the American University system. Student retention is defined as “Students persisting to completion of their educational goals” (Noel-Levits Retention Codification‚ 2008‚ paragraph 1). Frequently‚ this includes students remaining at a specific location from admission through graduation. Liberty University currently has a freshman retention rate of 69%‚ which is below the national average of 70.9%‚ according to one report
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