without a microscope because they are so small‚ but they are in the air‚ on our skin‚ in our bodies‚ in the ground‚ and all throughout nature. Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms. Their cell structure is unique in that they don’t have a nucleus and most bacteria have cell walls similar to plant cells. They come in all sorts of shapes including rods‚ spirals‚ and spheres. Some bacteria can "swim" around using long tails called flagella. Others just hang out or glide along. Are bacteria dangerous
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cCELL PHONES A cell phone is the biggest invention of this century. It changed our lives dramatically and nothing is the same anymore. Especially combining computer and phone made such a different world for everyone. The reason for the invention was to help us communicating easily‚ but in my opinion it also causes us to cut off communication between people. First of all‚ we became virtual humans because we are constantly texting and using social media on our phones‚ we also start having virtual
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SPECIALIZED CELL ANIMAL Sperm cells PLANT Xylem cells are specialised to find a female cell (egg cells) and join with it. They have tails‚ that makes them move in water to find and fertilize the female cell. They can move because they have many mitochondria located between the tail and the head‚ which gives them energy. In the head‚ there is a vacuole filled with acrosome‚ which is a specialized Lysosome that releases enzymes in order for the Sperm Cell to break into the Egg Cell‚ through the
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Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that differ in several key aspects from the cells of other eukaryotic organisms. Their distinctive features include: A large central vacuole‚ a water-filled volume enclosed by a membrane known as the tonoplast maintains the cell’s turgor‚ controls movement of molecules between the cytosol and sap‚ stores useful material and digests waste proteins and organelles. A cell wall composed of cellulose and hemicellulose‚ pectin and in many cases lignin‚ is secreted by
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Organelle |Function |Location | | |Cell (plasma) membrane |Composed of proteins and a bilayer of lipid. |Outermost boundary of cell (animal) | | |Holds the contents of the cell in place. | | | |Regulates the movement of materials into and out of the cell using the |
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Cell injury In this topic we are going to cover Cell injury Causes of cell injury Mechanism of cell injury Morphologic alterations in cell injury Morphologic types of necrosis Objectives Describe cell injury List the causes of cell injury Discuss how depletion of ATP causes cell injury Describe how mitochondrial damage cause cell injury Explain the mechanism of cell injury by free radicals Discuss how calcium ion influx cause cell injury Cell injury cell injury results when cells
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STEM CELL RESEARCH AND THERAPYAND ITS IMPACTS ON SOCIETY Abstract There are several types of stem cells being used in stem cell research and therapy today. They are embryonic‚ adult and induced pluripotent stem cells. Each will be discussed further. This topic has stirred much moral‚ ethical and political debate as whether cells from fetuses should be used in this research. This impacts governmental policies on laws and funding. Another issue that must be analyzed is the
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The cell wall is the tough‚ flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells. It is located outside the cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection. Just as the wall of the factory is for the factory. The wall also is the structure and strength. The cell membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances
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Cell Organelles Nucleus Its function is to control the cell’s activities and retain the chromosomes. The nucleus is bound by a double membrane‚ the nuclear envelope. The nuclear envelope has pores in it to allow the transport of mRNA. The cytoplasm like material is called nucleoplasm which contains chromatin (coils of DNA and histone proteins)‚ it is chromatin that condenses to form chromosomes during cell division. Within the nucleus is a small spherical body called the nucleolus which
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Plant Cell Plant cells have many different parts that are need to work together and function as a whole. These parts are the cell membrane which can be compared to a "Condom" due to the fact that is a very thin protective layer that lets certain substances to pass through. Cell wall is a thicker rougher membrane‚ which gives the plant most of its structure and support‚ the cell wall also bond with other cell walls to form the structure of the plant. Centrosome may be also referred to as the
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