Sensitivity- The ability to detect or sense changes in the environment (stimuli) and to make responses. Reproduction- The processes that make more of the same kind of organism. Growth- A permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in the cell number‚ size or both. Movement- An action by an organism causing a change of position or place. MRS GREN 2-Classification System Key words: Binomial‚ Genus‚ species‚ Vertebrate‚ Fish‚ Amphibian‚ Reptile‚ Bird‚ Mammal‚ Virus‚ Bacteria‚ Fungi
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G-protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are cell surface proteins that relay extracellular signals to the nucleus. These signals can be in the form of light‚ peptides‚ lipids‚ and sugars. Once activated by a ligand at the outer cell surface‚ GPCRs activate their cognate G-proteins that reside on the inner cell membrane. The activated G-proteins then slide along the inside of the cell membrane to activate a cascade of proteins and enzymes that in turn amplify the original message received by the GPCR
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particular) plant cell which has lost vast amounts of water. When this happens‚ turgor pressure within the cell has decreased to the point where the cytoplasm of the cell membrane peels away from the cell wall. When this begins to happen it is called Incipient Plasmolysis and when the cytoplasm is almost completely gone it is call “full/complete” Plasmolysis. Plasmolysis is only possible if the cell is placed in a hypertonic solution‚ which is a solution where the water external to the cell has more solutes
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under a membrane so it is not under pressure. The Water Potential (Ψ) of the solution is equal to the Ψ of the tuber as there is no pressure potential. C2 and C3 As the concentration of the sucrose solution increases‚ the average percentage change in mass decreases in the potato tubers and this is the same as in the carrot tubers. At low concentrations of sucrose solutions (0.1 M) the mass of the carrot and potato tubers increases due to water moving into the protoplast of the cell from the
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List and briefly describe the kinds of homeostasis involved. In males and females‚ intracellular fluid has a greater proportion of total body water than does extracellular fluid. Give-and-take between the ICF and the ECF happens across plasma membranes by osmosis‚ diffusion‚ and carrier-mediated transport. The kinds of homeostasis involved are fluid Balance‚ electrolyte Balance‚ and Acid–Base Balance. Fluid balance is when the quantity of water we gain each day is equivalent to the amount we
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Dissolution[edit] In the most common situation‚ a tablet is ingested and passes through the esophagus to the stomach. The rate of dissolution is a key target for controlling the duration of a drug’s effect‚ and as such‚ several dosage forms that contain the same active ingredient may be available‚ differing only in the rate of dissolution. If a drug is supplied in a form that is not readily dissolved‚ the drug may be released more gradually over time with a longer duration of action. Having a
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molecule. CHAPTER 3 CELLS CHAPTER OUTLINE The shapes of cells make possible their functions. Cells are different in size‚ shape‚ & function COMPOSITE CELL A cell has a cell membrane‚ cytoplasm‚ & nucleus ORGANELLS- perform specific functions The nucleus controls over all cell activities because it contains DNA the genetic material CELL MEMBRANE is a selectively permeable passage way. CELL MEMBRANE is made up of protein‚ lipid‚ & carbohydrate molecules Cell membrane is BILAYER of phospholipid
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BIOLOGY REVIEW UNIT 1 BIOCHEMISTRY 1) Describe the structure of an atom and compare this to the structure of an ion. * Atoms have protons and neutrons in their nucleus making them electrically neutral 2) Complete the following table Element Name | Boron | Oxygen | Beryllium | Sodium | Symbol | B | O | Be | Na | Atomic # | 5 | 8 | 4 | 11 | # of Protons | 5 | 8 | 4 | 11 | # Neutrons | 6 | 8 | 5 | 12 | Total # electrons | 5 | 8 | 4 | 11 | #Electrons in 1st Shell | 2 |
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Clue | Cell Theory | A theory that states that all organisms are made of cells‚ all cells are produced by other living things‚ and the cell is the most basic unit of life. | | Cytoplasm | A jellylike substance that contains dissolved molecular building blocks- such as proteins‚ nucleic acids‚ minerals‚ and ions. | | Organelles | Structures that are specialized to perform distinct processes within a cell. | | Prokaryotic Cells | Cells that do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles
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surface area of a beetroot (Beta Vulgaris) piece? Background The membrane consists of a phospholipid bilayer which is semi permeable. Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential across a semi-permeable membrane. It is easy for water molecules to pass through this membrane however solutes that are big in size may find it hard to as the semi-permeable membrane is selective to the smaller particles. This may cause a change in
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