What is fermentation and why does it matter ? Fermentation is the process in which glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen. Fermentation matters for many reasons. It’s important in muscles because it allows the muscles to keep getting energy from glucose even though oxygen can’t keep up with supplying. Fermentation also takes away the end products of glycolysis so that glycolysis can continue breaking down glucose and releasing energy. Fermentation is also important to the baking industry
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Chapter 5 Assignment 1. What is energy? What are the three forms of energy? Energy is the capacity to do work. There are four types of energy according to the powerpoint. They are Kinetic energy (energy of motion)‚ potential energy (stored energy)‚ thermal energy (heat)‚ and chemical energy (potential energy of molecules). 2. State the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics. Include entropy in your explanation. The first law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed it can
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respire anaerobically. It is proven once it smelled like alcohol. 2. Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen‚ CO2 and water are produced‚ and occur in plant and animal cells. In Aerobic respiration‚ glucose is broken down into CO2‚ H20 and ATP; more ATP is released (38). Anaerobic respiration happens in the presence of no oxygen and occurs in many anaerobic bacteria and in muscle cells. During this respiration‚ either lactic acid or alcohol is produced. Glucose is broken down into Lactic
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Bacterial Energetics and Membranes Abstract The Mg2+/Ca2+ ATP synthase present in all bacterial membranes‚ particularly E. coli‚ couples ATP synthesis to the proton (H+) gradient produced by the ETC‚ a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. The gradient acts to power the ATPase‚ so that it may phosphorylate ADP to produce ATP. The reverse reaction of this process‚ or hydrolysis of ATP into ADP and Pi‚ may be used to observe ATPase activity when the resulting Pi is quantitatively measured
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Unit B2.6.1 Aerobic respiration * a) Know and understand the chemical reactions inside cells are controlled by enzymes. * b) Know and understand during aerobic respiration (respiration that uses oxygen) chemical reactions occur that: * use glucose (a sugar) and oxygen * release energy. * c) Know and understand that aerobic respiration takes place continuously in both plants and animals. * d) Know that most of the reactions in aerobic respiration take place inside mitochondria
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complez or golgi apparatus packages proteins and lipids for transportation. Mitochondria in cells vary depending on the function of the cell. They can vary in numbers from hundreds to thousands. They are the source of energy for cells through aerobic respiration and manufacture ATP. The Liver and Kidneys are very active and their cells have large numbers of mitochondria. Ribosomes are located in varying parts of the cell‚ and can be bound or free floating. They are the garbage cans if the cells and their
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Unit 5 Describe the two process by which hormones can cause certain genes to be turned on. (4) Any 2 from: - A hormone binds to a receptor in the cell surface membrane - Idea of the receptor causing (chemical) changes inside the cell - A (functional) {second messenger} activates an {enzyme/transcription factor/eq} Any 2 from: - Idea of a hormone entering the cell through the cell membrane - The hormone binds to a receptor - The {hormone-receptor complex/eq} acts as a transcription factor
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processes? Q. 2. What outside raw materials‚ are used for life by an organism? Q. 3. What are enzymes? Q. 4. Explain the action of saliva secreted from salivary glands on the food? Q. 5. Name the common process‚ both in the aerobic and anaerobic respirations? Q. 6. Name the products produced by the fermentation of glucose by the yeast cell? Q. 7. Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds? Q. 8. Name the functional unit of human kidney? Q. 9. The xylem
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Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation 1. The mitochondrion Lec 8 A. Mitochondrial anatomy B. Mitochondrial transport systems 2. Electron transport A. Thermodynamics of electron transport B. The sequence of electron transport Lec 9 C. Complex I NADH Coenzyme Q Oxidoreductase D. Complex II succinate Coenzyme Q Oxidoreductase E. Complex III Coenzyme Q-Cytochrome c Oxidoreductase F. Complex IV Cytochrome c oxidase 3. Oxidative Phosphorylation A. The Chemiosmotic Theory
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Seven characteristics of life In life‚ there are seven different characteristics these being; movement‚ excretion‚ respiration‚ reproduction‚ irritability‚ nutrition and growth. Below‚ I will explain each of the characteristics in detail. Reproduction means; “the production of offspring by a sexual or asexual process” (oxford concise colour medical dictionary‚ 2007). Animals and plants do this in different ways‚ animals need two parents‚ and therefore the offspring will share both of the parent’s
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